Top Description Fields Constructors Methods
java.io

public Class FileInputStream

extends InputStream
Class Inheritance
Known Direct Subclasses
java.lang.Process.PipeInputStream
Imports
java.nio.channels.FileChannel, java.util.Arrays, jdk.internal.misc.Blocker, jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport, sun.nio.ch.FileChannelImpl

A FileInputStream obtains input bytes from a file in a file system. What files are available depends on the host environment.

FileInputStream is meant for reading streams of raw bytes such as image data. For reading streams of characters, consider using FileReader.

API Note

The close method should be called to release resources used by this stream, either directly, or with the try-with-resources statement.

Implementation Specification

Subclasses are responsible for the cleanup of resources acquired by the subclass. Subclasses requiring that resource cleanup take place after a stream becomes unreachable should use java.lang.ref.Cleaner or some other mechanism.

Author
Arthur van Hoff
Since
1.0
See Also
java.io.File, java.io.FileDescriptor, java.io.FileOutputStream, java.nio.file.Files#newInputStream

Field Summary

Modifier and TypeField and Description
private volatile FileChannel
private volatile boolean
private final Object
private static final int
private final FileDescriptor
private final String
path

The path of the referenced file (null if the stream is created with a file descriptor)

Constructor Summary

AccessConstructor and Description
public
FileInputStream(String
the system-dependent file name.
name
)

Creates a FileInputStream by opening a connection to an actual file, the file named by the path name name in the file system.

public
FileInputStream(File
the file to be opened for reading.
file
)

Creates a FileInputStream by opening a connection to an actual file, the file named by the File object file in the file system.

public
FileInputStream(FileDescriptor
the file descriptor to be opened for reading.
fdObj
)

Creates a FileInputStream by using the file descriptor fdObj, which represents an existing connection to an actual file in the file system.

Method Summary

Modifier and TypeMethod and Description
public int

Returns:

an estimate of the number of remaining bytes that can be read (or skipped over) from this input stream without blocking.
available
()

Overrides java.io.InputStream.available.

Returns an estimate of the number of remaining bytes that can be read (or skipped over) from this input stream without blocking by the next invocation of a method for this input stream.

private native int
public void
close()

Overrides java.io.InputStream.close.

Implements java.io.Closeable.close.

Closes this file input stream and releases any system resources associated with the stream.

public FileChannel

Returns:

the file channel associated with this file input stream
getChannel
()

Returns the unique FileChannel object associated with this file input stream.

public final FileDescriptor

Returns:

the file descriptor object associated with this stream.
getFD
()

Returns the FileDescriptor object that represents the connection to the actual file in the file system being used by this FileInputStream.

private static native void
private long
private native long
private void
open(String
the name of the file
name
)

Opens the specified file for reading.

private native void
open0(String
the name of the file
name
)

Opens the specified file for reading.

private long
private native long
public int

Returns:

the next byte of data, or -1 if the end of the file is reached.
read
()

Implements abstract java.io.InputStream.read.

Reads a byte of data from this input stream.

public int

Returns:

the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or -1 if there is no more data because the end of the file has been reached.
read
(byte[]
the buffer into which the data is read.
b
)

Overrides java.io.InputStream.read.

Reads up to b.length bytes of data from this input stream into an array of bytes.

public int

Returns:

the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or -1 if there is no more data because the end of the stream has been reached.
read
(byte[]
the buffer into which the data is read.
b
,
int
the start offset in array b at which the data is written.
off
,
int
the maximum number of bytes to read.
len
)

Overrides java.io.InputStream.read.

Reads up to len bytes of data from this input stream into an array of bytes.

private native int
public byte[]
readAllBytes()

Overrides java.io.InputStream.readAllBytes.

Reads all remaining bytes from the input stream.

private native int
readBytes(byte[]
the data to be written
b
,
int
the start offset in the data
off
,
int
the number of bytes that are written
len
)

Reads a subarray as a sequence of bytes.

public byte[]
readNBytes(int
the maximum number of bytes to read
len
)

Overrides java.io.InputStream.readNBytes.

Reads up to a specified number of bytes from the input stream.

public long

Returns:

the actual number of bytes skipped.
skip
(long
the number of bytes to be skipped.
n
)

Overrides java.io.InputStream.skip.

Skips over and discards n bytes of data from the input stream.

private native long
skip0(long n)

public long
transferTo(OutputStream
the output stream, non-null
out
)

Overrides java.io.InputStream.transferTo.

Reads all bytes from this input stream and writes the bytes to the given output stream in the order that they are read.

Inherited from java.io.InputStream:
markmarkSupportednullInputStreamreadNBytesresetskipNBytes

Field Detail

channelback to summary
private volatile FileChannel channel
closedback to summary
private volatile boolean closed
closeLockback to summary
private final Object closeLock
DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZEback to summary
private static final int DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE

Hides java.io.InputStream.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE.

fdback to summary
private final FileDescriptor fd
pathback to summary
private final String path

The path of the referenced file (null if the stream is created with a file descriptor)

Constructor Detail

FileInputStreamback to summary
public FileInputStream(String name) throws FileNotFoundException

Creates a FileInputStream by opening a connection to an actual file, the file named by the path name name in the file system. A new FileDescriptor object is created to represent this file connection.

First, if there is a security manager, its checkRead method is called with the name argument as its argument.

If the named file does not exist, is a directory rather than a regular file, or for some other reason cannot be opened for reading then a FileNotFoundException is thrown.

Parameters
name:String

the system-dependent file name.

Exceptions
FileNotFoundException:
if the file does not exist, is a directory rather than a regular file, or for some other reason cannot be opened for reading.
SecurityException:
if a security manager exists and its checkRead method denies read access to the file.
See Also
java.lang.SecurityManager#checkRead(java.lang.String)
FileInputStreamback to summary
public FileInputStream(File file) throws FileNotFoundException

Creates a FileInputStream by opening a connection to an actual file, the file named by the File object file in the file system. A new FileDescriptor object is created to represent this file connection.

First, if there is a security manager, its checkRead method is called with the path represented by the file argument as its argument.

If the named file does not exist, is a directory rather than a regular file, or for some other reason cannot be opened for reading then a FileNotFoundException is thrown.

Parameters
file:File

the file to be opened for reading.

Exceptions
FileNotFoundException:
if the file does not exist, is a directory rather than a regular file, or for some other reason cannot be opened for reading.
SecurityException:
if a security manager exists and its checkRead method denies read access to the file.
See Also
java.io.File#getPath(), java.lang.SecurityManager#checkRead(java.lang.String)
FileInputStreamback to summary
public FileInputStream(FileDescriptor fdObj)

Creates a FileInputStream by using the file descriptor fdObj, which represents an existing connection to an actual file in the file system.

If there is a security manager, its checkRead method is called with the file descriptor fdObj as its argument to see if it's ok to read the file descriptor. If read access is denied to the file descriptor a SecurityException is thrown.

If fdObj is null then a NullPointerException is thrown.

This constructor does not throw an exception if fdObj is invalid. However, if the methods are invoked on the resulting stream to attempt I/O on the stream, an IOException is thrown.

Parameters
fdObj:FileDescriptor

the file descriptor to be opened for reading.

Exceptions
SecurityException:
if a security manager exists and its checkRead method denies read access to the file descriptor.
See Also
SecurityManager#checkRead(java.io.FileDescriptor)

Method Detail

availableback to summary
public int available() throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.available.

Returns an estimate of the number of remaining bytes that can be read (or skipped over) from this input stream without blocking by the next invocation of a method for this input stream. Returns 0 when the file position is beyond EOF. The next invocation might be the same thread or another thread. A single read or skip of this many bytes will not block, but may read or skip fewer bytes.

In some cases, a non-blocking read (or skip) may appear to be blocked when it is merely slow, for example when reading large files over slow networks.

Returns:int

an estimate of the number of remaining bytes that can be read (or skipped over) from this input stream without blocking.

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if this file input stream has been closed by calling close or an I/O error occurs.
available0back to summary
private native int available0() throws IOException
closeback to summary
public void close() throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.close.

Implements java.io.Closeable.close.

Closes this file input stream and releases any system resources associated with the stream.

If this stream has an associated channel then the channel is closed as well.

API Note

Overriding close to perform cleanup actions is reliable only when called directly or when called by try-with-resources.

Implementation Specification

Subclasses requiring that resource cleanup take place after a stream becomes unreachable should use the java.lang.ref.Cleaner mechanism.

If this stream has an associated channel then this method will close the channel, which in turn will close this stream. Subclasses that override this method should be prepared to handle possible reentrant invocation.

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs.
getChannelback to summary
public FileChannel getChannel()

Returns the unique FileChannel object associated with this file input stream.

The initial position of the returned channel will be equal to the number of bytes read from the file so far. Reading bytes from this stream will increment the channel's position. Changing the channel's position, either explicitly or by reading, will change this stream's file position.

Returns:FileChannel

the file channel associated with this file input stream

Since
1.4
getFDback to summary
public final FileDescriptor getFD() throws IOException

Returns the FileDescriptor object that represents the connection to the actual file in the file system being used by this FileInputStream.

Returns:FileDescriptor

the file descriptor object associated with this stream.

Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs.
See Also
java.io.FileDescriptor
initIDsback to summary
private static native void initIDs()
lengthback to summary
private long length() throws IOException
length0back to summary
private native long length0() throws IOException
openback to summary
private void open(String name) throws FileNotFoundException

Opens the specified file for reading.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the file

open0back to summary
private native void open0(String name) throws FileNotFoundException

Opens the specified file for reading.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the file

positionback to summary
private long position() throws IOException
position0back to summary
private native long position0() throws IOException
readback to summary
public int read() throws IOException

Implements abstract java.io.InputStream.read.

Reads a byte of data from this input stream. This method blocks if no input is yet available.

Returns:int

the next byte of data, or -1 if the end of the file is reached.

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs.
readback to summary
public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.read.

Reads up to b.length bytes of data from this input stream into an array of bytes. This method blocks until some input is available.

Parameters
b:byte[]

Doc from java.io.InputStream.read.

the buffer into which the data is read.

Returns:int

the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or -1 if there is no more data because the end of the file has been reached.

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs.
readback to summary
public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.read.

Reads up to len bytes of data from this input stream into an array of bytes. If len is not zero, the method blocks until some input is available; otherwise, no bytes are read and 0 is returned.

Parameters
b:byte[]

Doc from java.io.InputStream.read.

the buffer into which the data is read.

off:int

Doc from java.io.InputStream.read.

the start offset in array b at which the data is written.

len:int

Doc from java.io.InputStream.read.

the maximum number of bytes to read.

Returns:int

Doc from java.io.InputStream.read.

the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or -1 if there is no more data because the end of the stream has been reached.

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs.
NullPointerException:
If b is null.
IndexOutOfBoundsException:
If off is negative, len is negative, or len is greater than b.length - off
read0back to summary
private native int read0() throws IOException
readAllBytesback to summary
public byte[] readAllBytes() throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.readAllBytes.

Doc from java.io.InputStream.readAllBytes.

Reads all remaining bytes from the input stream. This method blocks until all remaining bytes have been read and end of stream is detected, or an exception is thrown. This method does not close the input stream.

When this stream reaches end of stream, further invocations of this method will return an empty byte array.

Note that this method is intended for simple cases where it is convenient to read all bytes into a byte array. It is not intended for reading input streams with large amounts of data.

The behavior for the case where the input stream is asynchronously closed, or the thread interrupted during the read, is highly input stream specific, and therefore not specified.

If an I/O error occurs reading from the input stream, then it may do so after some, but not all, bytes have been read. Consequently the input stream may not be at end of stream and may be in an inconsistent state. It is strongly recommended that the stream be promptly closed if an I/O error occurs.

Returns:byte[]

a byte array containing the bytes read from this input stream

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs
readBytesback to summary
private native int readBytes(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException

Reads a subarray as a sequence of bytes.

Parameters
b:byte[]

the data to be written

off:int

the start offset in the data

len:int

the number of bytes that are written

Exceptions
IOException:
If an I/O error has occurred.
readNBytesback to summary
public byte[] readNBytes(int len) throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.readNBytes.

Doc from java.io.InputStream.readNBytes.

Reads up to a specified number of bytes from the input stream. This method blocks until the requested number of bytes has been read, end of stream is detected, or an exception is thrown. This method does not close the input stream.

The length of the returned array equals the number of bytes read from the stream. If len is zero, then no bytes are read and an empty byte array is returned. Otherwise, up to len bytes are read from the stream. Fewer than len bytes may be read if end of stream is encountered.

When this stream reaches end of stream, further invocations of this method will return an empty byte array.

Note that this method is intended for simple cases where it is convenient to read the specified number of bytes into a byte array. The total amount of memory allocated by this method is proportional to the number of bytes read from the stream which is bounded by len. Therefore, the method may be safely called with very large values of len provided sufficient memory is available.

The behavior for the case where the input stream is asynchronously closed, or the thread interrupted during the read, is highly input stream specific, and therefore not specified.

If an I/O error occurs reading from the input stream, then it may do so after some, but not all, bytes have been read. Consequently the input stream may not be at end of stream and may be in an inconsistent state. It is strongly recommended that the stream be promptly closed if an I/O error occurs.

Parameters
len:int

the maximum number of bytes to read

Returns:byte[]

a byte array containing the bytes read from this input stream

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs
skipback to summary
public long skip(long n) throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.skip.

Skips over and discards n bytes of data from the input stream.

The skip method may, for a variety of reasons, end up skipping over some smaller number of bytes, possibly 0. If n is negative, the method will try to skip backwards. In case the backing file does not support backward skip at its current position, an IOException is thrown. The actual number of bytes skipped is returned. If it skips forwards, it returns a positive value. If it skips backwards, it returns a negative value.

This method may skip more bytes than what are remaining in the backing file. This produces no exception and the number of bytes skipped may include some number of bytes that were beyond the EOF of the backing file. Attempting to read from the stream after skipping past the end will result in -1 indicating the end of the file.

Parameters
n:long

Doc from java.io.InputStream.skip.

the number of bytes to be skipped.

Returns:long

the actual number of bytes skipped.

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if n is negative, if the stream does not support seek, or if an I/O error occurs.
skip0back to summary
private native long skip0(long n) throws IOException
transferToback to summary
public long transferTo(OutputStream out) throws IOException

Overrides java.io.InputStream.transferTo.

Doc from java.io.InputStream.transferTo.

Reads all bytes from this input stream and writes the bytes to the given output stream in the order that they are read. On return, this input stream will be at end of stream. This method does not close either stream.

This method may block indefinitely reading from the input stream, or writing to the output stream. The behavior for the case where the input and/or output stream is asynchronously closed, or the thread interrupted during the transfer, is highly input and output stream specific, and therefore not specified.

If the total number of bytes transferred is greater than Long#MAX_VALUE, then Long.MAX_VALUE will be returned.

If an I/O error occurs reading from the input stream or writing to the output stream, then it may do so after some bytes have been read or written. Consequently the input stream may not be at end of stream and one, or both, streams may be in an inconsistent state. It is strongly recommended that both streams be promptly closed if an I/O error occurs.

Parameters
out:OutputStream

the output stream, non-null

Returns:long

the number of bytes transferred

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
IOException:
if an I/O error occurs when reading or writing