public final Class Ascii

Acknowledge: A communication control character transmitted by a receiver as an affirmative response to a sender.

Since

8.0

Bell ('\a'): A character for use when there is a need to call for human attention. It may control alarm or attention devices.

Since

8.0

Backspace ('\b'): A format effector which controls the movement of the printing position one printing space backward on the same printing line. (Applicable also to display devices.)

Since

8.0

Cancel: A control character used to indicate that the data with which it is sent is in error or is to be disregarded.

Since

8.0

Carriage Return ('\r'): A format effector which controls the movement of the printing position to the first printing position on the same printing line. (Applicable also to display devices.)

Since

8.0

Device Control 1. Characters for the control of ancillary devices associated with data processing or telecommunication systems, more especially switching devices "on" or "off." (If a single "stop" control is required to interrupt or turn off ancillary devices, DC4 is the preferred assignment.)

Since

8.0

Device Control 2. Characters for the control of ancillary devices associated with data processing or telecommunication systems, more especially switching devices "on" or "off." (If a single "stop" control is required to interrupt or turn off ancillary devices, DC4 is the preferred assignment.)

Since

8.0

Device Control 3. Characters for the control of ancillary devices associated with data processing or telecommunication systems, more especially switching devices "on" or "off." (If a single "stop" control is required to interrupt or turn off ancillary devices, DC4 is the preferred assignment.)

Since

8.0

Device Control 4. Characters for the control of ancillary devices associated with data processing or telecommunication systems, more especially switching devices "on" or "off." (If a single "stop" control is required to interrupt or turn off ancillary devices, DC4 is the preferred assignment.)

Since

8.0

Delete: This character is used primarily to "erase" or "obliterate" erroneous or unwanted characters in perforated tape.

Since

8.0

Data Link Escape: A communication control character which will change the meaning of a limited number of contiguously following characters. It is used exclusively to provide supplementary controls in data communication networks.

Since

8.0

End of Medium: A control character associated with the sent data which may be used to identify the physical end of the medium, or the end of the used, or wanted, portion of information recorded on a medium. (The position of this character does not necessarily correspond to the physical end of the medium.)

Since

8.0

Enquiry: A communication control character used in data communication systems as a request for a response from a remote station. It may be used as a "Who Are You" (WRU) to obtain identification, or may be used to obtain station status, or both.

Since

8.0

End of Transmission: A communication control character used to indicate the conclusion of a transmission, which may have contained one or more texts and any associated headings.

Since

8.0

Escape: A control character intended to provide code extension (supplementary characters) in general information interchange. The Escape character itself is a prefix affecting the interpretation of a limited number of contiguously following characters.

Since

8.0

End of Transmission Block: A communication control character used to indicate the end of a block of data for communication purposes. ETB is used for blocking data where the block structure is not necessarily related to the processing format.

Since

8.0

End of Text: A communication control character used to terminate a sequence of characters started with STX and transmitted as an entity.

Since

8.0

Form Feed ('\f'): A format effector which controls the movement of the printing position to the first pre-determined printing line on the next form or page. (Applicable also to display devices.)

Since

8.0

File Separator: These four information separators may be used within data in optional fashion, except that their hierarchical relationship shall be: FS is the most inclusive, then GS, then RS, and US is least inclusive. (The content and length of a File, Group, Record, or Unit are not specified.)

Since

8.0

Group Separator: These four information separators may be used within data in optional fashion, except that their hierarchical relationship shall be: FS is the most inclusive, then GS, then RS, and US is least inclusive. (The content and length of a File, Group, Record, or Unit are not specified.)

Since

8.0

Horizontal Tabulation ('\t'): A format effector which controls the movement of the printing position to the next in a series of predetermined positions along the printing line. (Applicable also to display devices and the skip function on punched cards.)

Since

8.0

Line Feed ('\n'): A format effector which controls the movement of the printing position to the next printing line. (Applicable also to display devices.) Where appropriate, this character may have the meaning "New Line" (NL), a format effector which controls the movement of the printing point to the first printing position on the next printing line. Use of this convention requires agreement between sender and recipient of data.

Since

8.0

The maximum value of an ASCII character.

Since

9.0 (was type int before 12.0)

The minimum value of an ASCII character.

Since

9.0 (was type int before 12.0)

Negative Acknowledge: A communication control character transmitted by a receiver as a negative response to the sender.

Since

8.0

Alternate name for LF. (LF is preferred.)

Since

8.0

Null ('\0'): The all-zeros character which may serve to accomplish time fill and media fill. Normally used as a C string terminator.

Although RFC 20 names this as "Null", note that it is distinct from the C/C++ "NULL" pointer.

Since

8.0

Record Separator: These four information separators may be used within data in optional fashion, except that their hierarchical relationship shall be: FS is the most inclusive, then GS, then RS, and US is least inclusive. (The content and length of a File, Group, Record, or Unit are not specified.)

Since

8.0

Shift In: A control character indicating that the code combinations which follow shall be interpreted according to the standard code table.

Since

8.0

Shift Out: A control character indicating that the code combinations which follow shall be interpreted as outside of the character set of the standard code table until a Shift In character is reached.

Since

8.0

Start of Heading: A communication control character used at the beginning of a sequence of characters which constitute a machine-sensible address or routing information. Such a sequence is referred to as the "heading." An STX character has the effect of terminating a heading.

Since

8.0

Space: A normally non-printing graphic character used to separate words. It is also a format effector which controls the movement of the printing position, one printing position forward. (Applicable also to display devices.)

Since

8.0

Alternate name for SP.

Since

8.0

Start of Text: A communication control character which precedes a sequence of characters that is to be treated as an entity and entirely transmitted through to the ultimate destination. Such a sequence is referred to as "text." STX may be used to terminate a sequence of characters started by SOH.

Since

8.0

Substitute: A character that may be substituted for a character which is determined to be invalid or in error.

Since

8.0

Synchronous Idle: A communication control character used by a synchronous transmission system in the absence of any other character to provide a signal from which synchronism may be achieved or retained.

Since

8.0

Unit Separator: These four information separators may be used within data in optional fashion, except that their hierarchical relationship shall be: FS is the most inclusive, then GS, then RS, and US is least inclusive. (The content and length of a File, Group, Record, or Unit are not specified.)

Since

8.0

Vertical Tabulation ('\v'): A format effector which controls the movement of the printing position to the next in a series of predetermined printing lines. (Applicable also to display devices.)

Since

8.0

Transmission off. See XON for explanation.

Since

8.0

Transmission On: Although originally defined as DC1, this ASCII control character is now better known as the XON code used for software flow control in serial communications. The main use is restarting the transmission after the communication has been stopped by the XOFF control code.

Since

8.0

Indicates whether the contents of the given character sequences s1 and s2 are equal, ignoring the case of any ASCII alphabetic characters between 'a' and 'z' or 'A' and 'Z' inclusive.

This method is significantly faster than String#equalsIgnoreCase and should be used in preference if at least one of the parameters is known to contain only ASCII characters.

Note however that this method does not always behave identically to expressions such as:

• string.toUpperCase().equals("UPPER CASE ASCII")
• string.toLowerCase().equals("lower case ascii")

due to case-folding of some non-ASCII characters (which does not occur in String#equalsIgnoreCase). However in almost all cases that ASCII strings are used, the author probably wanted the behavior provided by this method rather than the subtle and sometimes surprising behavior of toUpperCase() and toLowerCase().

Since

16.0

Indicates whether c is one of the twenty-six lowercase ASCII alphabetic characters between 'a' and 'z' inclusive. All others (including non-ASCII characters) return false.

Indicates whether c is one of the twenty-six uppercase ASCII alphabetic characters between 'A' and 'Z' inclusive. All others (including non-ASCII characters) return false.

Returns a copy of the input string in which all uppercase ASCII characters have been converted to lowercase. All other characters are copied without modification.

Returns a copy of the input character sequence in which all uppercase ASCII characters have been converted to lowercase. All other characters are copied without modification.

Since

14.0

If the argument is an uppercase ASCII character, returns the lowercase equivalent. Otherwise returns the argument.

Returns a copy of the input string in which all lowercase ASCII characters have been converted to uppercase. All other characters are copied without modification.

Returns a copy of the input character sequence in which all lowercase ASCII characters have been converted to uppercase. All other characters are copied without modification.

Since

14.0

If the argument is a lowercase ASCII character, returns the uppercase equivalent. Otherwise returns the argument.

Truncates the given character sequence to the given maximum length. If the length of the sequence is greater than maxLength, the returned string will be exactly maxLength chars in length and will end with the given truncationIndicator. Otherwise, the sequence will be returned as a string with no changes to the content.

Examples:

Ascii.truncate("foobar", 7, "..."); // returns "foobar"
Ascii.truncate("foobar", 5, "..."); // returns "fo..."

Note: This method may work with certain non-ASCII text but is not safe for use with arbitrary Unicode text. It is mostly intended for use with text that is known to be safe for use with it (such as all-ASCII text) and for simple debugging text. When using this method, consider the following:

• it may split surrogate pairs
• it may split characters and combining characters
• it does not consider word boundaries
• if truncating for display to users, there are other considerations that must be taken into account
• the appropriate truncation indicator may be locale-dependent
• it is safe to use non-ASCII characters in the truncation indicator

Exceptions

IllegalArgumentException:

if maxLength is less than the length of truncationIndicator

Since

16.0