Top Description Fields Methods
javax.jms

public Interface Session

extends Runnable, AutoCloseable
Known Direct Subinterfaces
javax.jms.TopicSession, javax.jms.XASession, javax.jms.QueueSession
Imports
java.io.Serializable

A Session object is a single-threaded context for producing and consuming messages. Although it may allocate provider resources outside the Java virtual machine (JVM), it is considered a lightweight JMS object.

A session serves several purposes:

A session can create and service multiple message producers and consumers.

One typical use is to have a thread block on a synchronous MessageConsumer until a message arrives. The thread may then use one or more of the Session's MessageProducers.

If a client desires to have one thread produce messages while others consume them, the client should use a separate session for its producing thread.

Once a connection has been started, any session with one or more registered message listeners is dedicated to the thread of control that delivers messages to it. It is erroneous for client code to use this session or any of its constituent objects from another thread of control. The only exception to this rule is the use of the session or message consumer close method.

It should be easy for most clients to partition their work naturally into sessions. This model allows clients to start simply and incrementally add message processing complexity as their need for concurrency grows.

The close method is the only session method that can be called while some other session method is being executed in another thread.

A session may be specified as transacted. Each transacted session supports a single series of transactions. Each transaction groups a set of message sends and a set of message receives into an atomic unit of work. In effect, transactions organize a session's input message stream and output message stream into series of atomic units. When a transaction commits, its atomic unit of input is acknowledged and its associated atomic unit of output is sent. If a transaction rollback is done, the transaction's sent messages are destroyed and the session's input is automatically recovered.

The content of a transaction's input and output units is simply those messages that have been produced and consumed within the session's current transaction.

A transaction is completed using either its session's commit method or its session's rollback method. The completion of a session's current transaction automatically begins the next. The result is that a transacted session always has a current transaction within which its work is done.

The Java Transaction Service (JTS) or some other transaction monitor may be used to combine a session's transaction with transactions on other resources (databases, other JMS sessions, etc.). Since Java distributed transactions are controlled via the Java Transaction API (JTA), use of the session's commit and rollback methods in this context is prohibited.

The JMS API does not require support for JTA; however, it does define how a provider supplies this support.

Although it is also possible for a JMS client to handle distributed transactions directly, it is unlikely that many JMS clients will do this. Support for JTA in the JMS API is targeted at systems vendors who will be integrating the JMS API into their application server products.

Since
JMS 1.0
Version
JMS 2.0
See Also
javax.jms.QueueSession, javax.jms.TopicSession, javax.jms.XASession

Field Summary

Modifier and TypeField and Description
public static final int
AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE

With this acknowledgment mode, the session automatically acknowledges a client's receipt of a message either when the session has successfully returned from a call to receive or when the message listener the session has called to process the message successfully returns.

public static final int
CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE

With this acknowledgment mode, the client acknowledges a consumed message by calling the message's acknowledge method.

public static final int
DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE

This acknowledgment mode instructs the session to lazily acknowledge the delivery of messages.

public static final int
SESSION_TRANSACTED

This value may be passed as the argument to the method createSession(int sessionMode) on the Connection object to specify that the session should use a local transaction.

Method Summary

Modifier and TypeMethod and Description
public void
close()

Redeclares java.lang.AutoCloseable.close.

Closes the session.
public void
commit()

Commits all messages done in this transaction and releases any locks currently held.

public QueueBrowser
createBrowser(Queue
the queue to access
queue)

Creates a QueueBrowser object to peek at the messages on the specified queue.

public QueueBrowser
createBrowser(Queue
the queue to access
queue, String
only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are delivered. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the message consumer.
messageSelector)

Creates a QueueBrowser object to peek at the messages on the specified queue using a message selector.

public BytesMessage
createBytesMessage()

Creates a BytesMessage object.

public MessageConsumer
createConsumer(Destination
the Destination to access.
destination)

Creates a MessageConsumer for the specified destination.

public MessageConsumer
createConsumer(Destination
the Destination to access
destination, String
only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are delivered. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the message consumer.
messageSelector)

Creates a MessageConsumer for the specified destination, using a message selector.

public MessageConsumer
createConsumer(Destination
the Destination to access
destination, String
only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are delivered. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the message consumer.
messageSelector, boolean
- if true, and the destination is a topic, then the MessageConsumer will not receive messages published to the topic by its own connection.
noLocal)

Creates a MessageConsumer for the specified destination, specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter.

public MessageConsumer
createDurableConsumer(Topic
the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify this subscription
name)

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

public MessageConsumer
createDurableConsumer(Topic
the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify this subscription
name, String
only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the durable subscription.
messageSelector, boolean
if true then any messages published to the topic using this session's connection, or any other connection with the same client identifier, will not be added to the durable subscription.
noLocal)

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

public TopicSubscriber
createDurableSubscriber(Topic
the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify this subscription
name)

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

public TopicSubscriber
createDurableSubscriber(Topic
the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify this subscription
name, String
only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the durable subscription.
messageSelector, boolean
if true then any messages published to the topic using this session's connection, or any other connection with the same client identifier, will not be added to the durable subscription.
noLocal)

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

public MapMessage
createMapMessage()

Creates a MapMessage object.

public Message
createMessage()

Creates a Message object.

public ObjectMessage
createObjectMessage()

Creates an ObjectMessage object.

public ObjectMessage
createObjectMessage(Serializable
the object to use to initialize this message
object)

Creates an initialized ObjectMessage object.

public MessageProducer
createProducer(Destination
the Destination to send to, or null if this is a producer which does not have a specified destination.
destination)

Creates a MessageProducer to send messages to the specified destination.

public Queue

Returns:

a Queue object which encapsulates the specified name
createQueue(String
A provider-specific queue name
queueName)

Creates a Queue object which encapsulates a specified provider-specific queue name.

public MessageConsumer
createSharedConsumer(Topic
the Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify the shared non-durable subscription
sharedSubscriptionName)

Creates a shared non-durable subscription with the specified name on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) and creates a consumer on that subscription.

public MessageConsumer
createSharedConsumer(Topic
the Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify the shared non-durable subscription
sharedSubscriptionName, String
only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the shared non-durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the shared non-durable subscription.
messageSelector)

Creates a shared non-durable subscription with the specified name on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) specifying a message selector, and creates a consumer on that subscription.

public MessageConsumer
createSharedDurableConsumer(Topic
the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify this subscription
name)

Creates a shared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

public MessageConsumer
createSharedDurableConsumer(Topic
the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to
topic, String
the name used to identify this subscription
name, String
only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the durable subscription.
messageSelector)

Creates a shared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

public StreamMessage
createStreamMessage()

Creates a StreamMessage object.

public TemporaryQueue

Returns:

a temporary queue identity
createTemporaryQueue()

Creates a TemporaryQueue object.

public TemporaryTopic

Returns:

a temporary topic identity
createTemporaryTopic()

Creates a TemporaryTopic object.

public TextMessage
createTextMessage()

Creates a TextMessage object.

public TextMessage
createTextMessage(String
the string used to initialize this message
text)

Creates an initialized TextMessage object.

public Topic

Returns:

a Topic object which encapsulates the specified name
createTopic(String
A provider-specific topic name
topicName)

Creates a Topic object which encapsulates a specified provider-specific topic name.

public int

Returns:

If the session is not transacted, returns the current acknowledgement mode for the session. If the session is transacted, returns SESSION_TRANSACTED.
getAcknowledgeMode()

Returns the acknowledgement mode of the session.

public MessageListener

Returns:

the distinguished message listener associated with this session
getMessageListener()

Returns the session's distinguished message listener (optional).

public boolean

Returns:

true if the session is in transacted mode
getTransacted()

Indicates whether the session is in transacted mode.

public void
recover()

Stops message delivery in this session, and restarts message delivery with the oldest unacknowledged message.

public void
rollback()

Rolls back any messages done in this transaction and releases any locks currently held.

public void
run()

Redeclares java.lang.Runnable.run.

Optional operation, intended to be used only by Application Servers, not by ordinary JMS clients.
public void
setMessageListener(MessageListener
the message listener to associate with this session
listener)

Sets the session's distinguished message listener (optional).

public void
unsubscribe(String
the name used to identify this subscription
name)

Unsubscribes a durable subscription that has been created by a client.

Field Detail

AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGEback to summary
public static final int AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE

With this acknowledgment mode, the session automatically acknowledges a client's receipt of a message either when the session has successfully returned from a call to receive or when the message listener the session has called to process the message successfully returns.

CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGEback to summary
public static final int CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE

With this acknowledgment mode, the client acknowledges a consumed message by calling the message's acknowledge method. Acknowledging a consumed message acknowledges all messages that the session has consumed.

When client acknowledgment mode is used, a client may build up a large number of unacknowledged messages while attempting to process them. A JMS provider should provide administrators with a way to limit client overrun so that clients are not driven to resource exhaustion and ensuing failure when some resource they are using is temporarily blocked.

See Also
javax.jms.Message#acknowledge()
DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGEback to summary
public static final int DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE

This acknowledgment mode instructs the session to lazily acknowledge the delivery of messages. This is likely to result in the delivery of some duplicate messages if the JMS provider fails, so it should only be used by consumers that can tolerate duplicate messages. Use of this mode can reduce session overhead by minimizing the work the session does to prevent duplicates.

SESSION_TRANSACTEDback to summary
public static final int SESSION_TRANSACTED

This value may be passed as the argument to the method createSession(int sessionMode) on the Connection object to specify that the session should use a local transaction.

This value is returned from the method getAcknowledgeMode if the session is using a local transaction, irrespective of whether the session was created by calling the method createSession(int sessionMode) or the method createSession(boolean transacted, int acknowledgeMode).

Since
JMS 1.1

Method Detail

closeback to summary
public void close() throws JMSException

Redeclares java.lang.AutoCloseable.close.

Closes the session.

Since a provider may allocate some resources on behalf of a session outside the JVM, clients should close the resources when they are not needed. Relying on garbage collection to eventually reclaim these resources may not be timely enough.

There is no need to close the producers and consumers of a closed session.

This call will block until a receive call or message listener in progress has completed. A blocked message consumer receive call returns null when this session is closed.

However if the close method is called from a message listener on its own Session, then it will either fail and throw a javax.jms.IllegalStateException, or it will succeed and close the Session, blocking until any pending receive call in progress has completed. If close succeeds and the acknowledge mode of the Session is set to AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE, the current message will still be acknowledged automatically when the onMessage call completes.

Since two alternative behaviors are permitted in this case, applications should avoid calling close from a message listener on its own Session because this is not portable.

This method must not return until any incomplete asynchronous send operations for this Session have been completed and any CompletionListener callbacks have returned. Incomplete sends should be allowed to complete normally unless an error occurs.

For the avoidance of doubt, if an exception listener for this session's connection is running when close is invoked, there is no requirement for the close call to wait until the exception listener has returned before it may return.

Closing a transacted session must roll back the transaction in progress.

This method is the only Session method that can be called concurrently.

A CompletionListener callback method must not call close on its own Session. Doing so will cause an IllegalStateException to be thrown.

Invoking any other Session method on a closed session must throw a IllegalStateException. Closing a closed session must not throw an exception.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to close the session due to some internal error.
IllegalStateException:
  • this method has been called by a MessageListener on its own Session
  • this method has been called by a CompletionListener callback method on its own Session
commitback to summary
public void commit() throws JMSException

Commits all messages done in this transaction and releases any locks currently held.

This method must not return until any incomplete asynchronous send operations for this Session have been completed and any CompletionListener callbacks have returned. Incomplete sends should be allowed to complete normally unless an error occurs.

A CompletionListener callback method must not call commit on its own Session. Doing so will cause an IllegalStateException to be thrown.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to commit the transaction due to some internal error.
IllegalStateException:
  • the session is not using a local transaction
  • this method has been called by a CompletionListener callback method on its own Session
TransactionRolledBackException:
if the transaction is rolled back due to some internal error during commit.
createBrowserback to summary
public QueueBrowser createBrowser(Queue queue) throws JMSException

Creates a QueueBrowser object to peek at the messages on the specified queue.

Parameters
queue:Queue

the queue to access

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a browser due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid destination is specified
Since
JMS 1.1
createBrowserback to summary
public QueueBrowser createBrowser(Queue queue, String messageSelector) throws JMSException

Creates a QueueBrowser object to peek at the messages on the specified queue using a message selector.

Parameters
queue:Queue

the queue to access

messageSelector:String

only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are delivered. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the message consumer.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a browser due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid destination is specified
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
Since
JMS 1.1
createBytesMessageback to summary
public BytesMessage createBytesMessage() throws JMSException

Creates a BytesMessage object. A BytesMessage object is used to send a message containing a stream of uninterpreted bytes.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createConsumer(Destination destination) throws JMSException

Creates a MessageConsumer for the specified destination. Since Queue and Topic both inherit from Destination, they can be used in the destination parameter to create a MessageConsumer.

Parameters
destination:Destination

the Destination to access.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a consumer due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid destination is specified.
Since
JMS 1.1
createConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createConsumer(Destination destination, String messageSelector) throws JMSException

Creates a MessageConsumer for the specified destination, using a message selector. Since Queue and Topic both inherit from Destination, they can be used in the destination parameter to create a MessageConsumer.

A client uses a MessageConsumer object to receive messages that have been sent to a destination.

Parameters
destination:Destination

the Destination to access

messageSelector:String

only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are delivered. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the message consumer.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a MessageConsumer due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid destination is specified.
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
Since
JMS 1.1
createConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createConsumer(Destination destination, String messageSelector, boolean noLocal) throws JMSException

Creates a MessageConsumer for the specified destination, specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter.

Since Queue and Topic both inherit from Destination, they can be used in the destination parameter to create a MessageConsumer.

A client uses a MessageConsumer object to receive messages that have been published to a destination.

The noLocal argument is for use when the destination is a topic and the session's connection is also being used to publish messages to that topic. If noLocal is set to true then the MessageConsumer will not receive messages published to the topic by its own connection. The default value of this argument is false. If the destination is a queue then the effect of setting noLocal to true is not specified.

Parameters
destination:Destination

the Destination to access

messageSelector:String

only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are delivered. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the message consumer.

noLocal:boolean

- if true, and the destination is a topic, then the MessageConsumer will not receive messages published to the topic by its own connection.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a MessageConsumer due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid destination is specified.
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
Since
JMS 1.1
createDurableConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createDurableConsumer(Topic topic, String name) throws JMSException

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) and creates a consumer on that durable subscription. This method creates the durable subscription without a message selector and with a noLocal value of false.

A durable subscription is used by an application which needs to receive all the messages published on a topic, including the ones published when there is no active consumer associated with it. The JMS provider retains a record of this durable subscription and ensures that all messages from the topic's publishers are retained until they are delivered to, and acknowledged by, a consumer on this durable subscription or until they have expired.

A durable subscription will continue to accumulate messages until it is deleted using the unsubscribe method.

This method may only be used with unshared durable subscriptions. Any durable subscription created using this method will be unshared. This means that only one active (i.e. not closed) consumer on the subscription may exist at a time. The term "consumer" here means a TopicSubscriber, MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

An unshared durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier, which must be set. An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that unshared durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and the same topic, message selector and noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this method creates a MessageConsumer on the existing durable subscription.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier but a different topic, message selector or noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this is equivalent to unsubscribing (deleting) the old one and creating a new one.

A shared durable subscription and an unshared durable subscription may not have the same name and client identifier. If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier then a JMSException is thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId. Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

This method is identical to the corresponding createDurableSubscriber method except that it returns a MessageConsumer rather than a TopicSubscriber to represent the consumer.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to

name:String

the name used to identify this subscription

Exceptions
JMSException:
  • if the session fails to create the unshared durable subscription and MessageConsumer due to some internal error
  • if an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active
  • if a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
IllegalStateException:
if the client identifier is unset
Since
JMS 2.0
createDurableConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createDurableConsumer(Topic topic, String name, String messageSelector, boolean noLocal) throws JMSException

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

A durable subscription is used by an application which needs to receive all the messages published on a topic, including the ones published when there is no active consumer associated with it. The JMS provider retains a record of this durable subscription and ensures that all messages from the topic's publishers are retained until they are delivered to, and acknowledged by, a consumer on this durable subscription or until they have expired.

A durable subscription will continue to accumulate messages until it is deleted using the unsubscribe method.

This method may only be used with unshared durable subscriptions. Any durable subscription created using this method will be unshared. This means that only one active (i.e. not closed) consumer on the subscription may exist at a time. The term "consumer" here means a TopicSubscriber, MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

An unshared durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier, which must be set. An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that unshared durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and the same topic, message selector and noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this method creates a MessageConsumer on the existing durable subscription.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier but a different topic, message selector or noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this is equivalent to unsubscribing (deleting) the old one and creating a new one.

If noLocal is set to true then any messages published to the topic using this session's connection, or any other connection with the same client identifier, will not be added to the durable subscription.

A shared durable subscription and an unshared durable subscription may not have the same name and client identifier. If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier then a JMSException is thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId. Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

This method is identical to the corresponding createDurableSubscriber method except that it returns a MessageConsumer rather than a TopicSubscriber to represent the consumer.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to

name:String

the name used to identify this subscription

messageSelector:String

only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the durable subscription.

noLocal:boolean

if true then any messages published to the topic using this session's connection, or any other connection with the same client identifier, will not be added to the durable subscription.

Exceptions
JMSException:
  • if the session fails to create the unshared durable subscription and MessageConsumer due to some internal error
  • if an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active
  • if a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
IllegalStateException:
if the client identifier is unset
Since
JMS 2.0
createDurableSubscriberback to summary
public TopicSubscriber createDurableSubscriber(Topic topic, String name) throws JMSException

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) and creates a consumer on that durable subscription. This method creates the durable subscription without a message selector and with a noLocal value of false.

A durable subscription is used by an application which needs to receive all the messages published on a topic, including the ones published when there is no active consumer associated with it. The JMS provider retains a record of this durable subscription and ensures that all messages from the topic's publishers are retained until they are delivered to, and acknowledged by, a consumer on this durable subscription or until they have expired.

A durable subscription will continue to accumulate messages until it is deleted using the unsubscribe method.

This method may only be used with unshared durable subscriptions. Any durable subscription created using this method will be unshared. This means that only one active (i.e. not closed) consumer on the subscription may exist at a time. The term "consumer" here means a TopicSubscriber, MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

An unshared durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier, which must be set. An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that unshared durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and the same topic, message selector and noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this method creates a TopicSubscriber on the existing durable subscription.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier but a different topic, message selector or noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this is equivalent to unsubscribing (deleting) the old one and creating a new one.

A shared durable subscription and an unshared durable subscription may not have the same name and client identifier. If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier then a JMSException is thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId. Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

This method is identical to the corresponding createDurableConsumer method except that it returns a TopicSubscriber rather than a MessageConsumer to represent the consumer.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to

name:String

the name used to identify this subscription

Exceptions
JMSException:
  • if the session fails to create the unshared durable subscription and TopicSubscriber due to some internal error
  • if an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active
  • if a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
IllegalStateException:
if the client identifier is unset
Since
JMS 1.1
createDurableSubscriberback to summary
public TopicSubscriber createDurableSubscriber(Topic topic, String name, String messageSelector, boolean noLocal) throws JMSException

Creates an unshared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

A durable subscription is used by an application which needs to receive all the messages published on a topic, including the ones published when there is no active consumer associated with it. The JMS provider retains a record of this durable subscription and ensures that all messages from the topic's publishers are retained until they are delivered to, and acknowledged by, a consumer on this durable subscription or until they have expired.

A durable subscription will continue to accumulate messages until it is deleted using the unsubscribe method.

This method may only be used with unshared durable subscriptions. Any durable subscription created using this method will be unshared. This means that only one active (i.e. not closed) consumer on the subscription may exist at a time. The term "consumer" here means a TopicSubscriber, MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

An unshared durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier, which must be set. An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that unshared durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and the same topic, message selector and noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this method creates a TopicSubscriber on the existing durable subscription.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier but a different topic, message selector or noLocal value has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this is equivalent to unsubscribing (deleting) the old one and creating a new one.

If noLocal is set to true then any messages published to the topic using this session's connection, or any other connection with the same client identifier, will not be added to the durable subscription.

A shared durable subscription and an unshared durable subscription may not have the same name and client identifier. If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier then a JMSException is thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId. Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

This method is identical to the corresponding createDurableConsumer method except that it returns a TopicSubscriber rather than a MessageConsumer to represent the consumer.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to

name:String

the name used to identify this subscription

messageSelector:String

only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the durable subscription.

noLocal:boolean

if true then any messages published to the topic using this session's connection, or any other connection with the same client identifier, will not be added to the durable subscription.

Exceptions
JMSException:
  • if the session fails to create the unshared durable subscription and TopicSubscriber due to some internal error
  • if an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, and there is a consumer already active
  • if a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
IllegalStateException:
if the client identifier is unset
Since
JMS 1.1
createMapMessageback to summary
public MapMessage createMapMessage() throws JMSException

Creates a MapMessage object. A MapMessage object is used to send a self-defining set of name-value pairs, where names are String objects and values are primitive values in the Java programming language.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createMessageback to summary
public Message createMessage() throws JMSException

Creates a Message object. The Message interface is the root interface of all JMS messages. A Message object holds all the standard message header information. It can be sent when a message containing only header information is sufficient.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createObjectMessageback to summary
public ObjectMessage createObjectMessage() throws JMSException

Creates an ObjectMessage object. An ObjectMessage object is used to send a message that contains a serializable Java object.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createObjectMessageback to summary
public ObjectMessage createObjectMessage(Serializable object) throws JMSException

Creates an initialized ObjectMessage object. An ObjectMessage object is used to send a message that contains a serializable Java object.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Parameters
object:Serializable

the object to use to initialize this message

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createProducerback to summary
public MessageProducer createProducer(Destination destination) throws JMSException

Creates a MessageProducer to send messages to the specified destination.

A client uses a MessageProducer object to send messages to a destination. Since Queue and Topic both inherit from Destination, they can be used in the destination parameter to create a MessageProducer object.

Parameters
destination:Destination

the Destination to send to, or null if this is a producer which does not have a specified destination.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a MessageProducer due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid destination is specified.
Since
JMS 1.1
createQueueback to summary
public Queue createQueue(String queueName) throws JMSException

Creates a Queue object which encapsulates a specified provider-specific queue name.

The use of provider-specific queue names in an application may render the application non-portable. Portable applications are recommended to not use this method but instead look up an administratively-defined Queue object using JNDI.

Note that this method simply creates an object that encapsulates the name of a queue. It does not create the physical queue in the JMS provider. JMS does not provide a method to create the physical queue, since this would be specific to a given JMS provider. Creating a physical queue is provider-specific and is typically an administrative task performed by an administrator, though some providers may create them automatically when needed. The one exception to this is the creation of a temporary queue, which is done using the createTemporaryQueue method.

Parameters
queueName:String

A provider-specific queue name

Returns:Queue

a Queue object which encapsulates the specified name

Exceptions
JMSException:
if a Queue object cannot be created due to some internal error
createSharedConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createSharedConsumer(Topic topic, String sharedSubscriptionName) throws JMSException

Creates a shared non-durable subscription with the specified name on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) and creates a consumer on that subscription. This method creates the non-durable subscription without a message selector.

If a shared non-durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set), and the same topic and message selector value has been specified, then this method creates a MessageConsumer on the existing subscription.

A non-durable shared subscription is used by a client which needs to be able to share the work of receiving messages from a topic subscription amongst multiple consumers. A non-durable shared subscription may therefore have more than one consumer. Each message from the subscription will be delivered to only one of the consumers on that subscription. Such a subscription is not persisted and will be deleted (together with any undelivered messages associated with it) when there are no consumers on it. The term "consumer" here means a MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

A shared non-durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier (which may be unset). An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that shared non-durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If a shared non-durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) but a different topic or message selector has been specified, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId (which may be unset). Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the Topic to subscribe to

sharedSubscriptionName:String

the name used to identify the shared non-durable subscription

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create the shared non-durable subscription and MessageConsumer due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
Since
JMS 2.0
createSharedConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createSharedConsumer(Topic topic, String sharedSubscriptionName, String messageSelector) throws JMSException

Creates a shared non-durable subscription with the specified name on the specified topic (if one does not already exist) specifying a message selector, and creates a consumer on that subscription.

If a shared non-durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set), and the same topic and message selector has been specified, then this method creates a MessageConsumer on the existing subscription.

A non-durable shared subscription is used by a client which needs to be able to share the work of receiving messages from a topic subscription amongst multiple consumers. A non-durable shared subscription may therefore have more than one consumer. Each message from the subscription will be delivered to only one of the consumers on that subscription. Such a subscription is not persisted and will be deleted (together with any undelivered messages associated with it) when there are no consumers on it. The term "consumer" here means a MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

A shared non-durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier (which may be unset). An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that shared non-durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If a shared non-durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) but a different topic or message selector has been specified, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId (which may be unset). Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the Topic to subscribe to

sharedSubscriptionName:String

the name used to identify the shared non-durable subscription

messageSelector:String

only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the shared non-durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the shared non-durable subscription.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create the shared non-durable subscription and MessageConsumer due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
Since
JMS 2.0
createSharedDurableConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createSharedDurableConsumer(Topic topic, String name) throws JMSException

Creates a shared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector and the noLocal parameter, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription. This method creates the durable subscription without a message selector.

A durable subscription is used by an application which needs to receive all the messages published on a topic, including the ones published when there is no active consumer associated with it. The JMS provider retains a record of this durable subscription and ensures that all messages from the topic's publishers are retained until they are delivered to, and acknowledged by, a consumer on this durable subscription or until they have expired.

A durable subscription will continue to accumulate messages until it is deleted using the unsubscribe method.

This method may only be used with shared durable subscriptions. Any durable subscription created using this method will be shared. This means that multiple active (i.e. not closed) consumers on the subscription may exist at the same time. The term "consumer" here means a MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

A shared durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier (which may be unset). An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that shared durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set), and the same topic and message selector has been specified, then this method creates a MessageConsumer on the existing shared durable subscription.

If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) but a different topic or message selector has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this is equivalent to unsubscribing (deleting) the old one and creating a new one.

If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) but a different topic or message selector has been specified, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

A shared durable subscription and an unshared durable subscription may not have the same name and client identifier (if set). If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) then a JMSException is thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId (which may be unset). Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to

name:String

the name used to identify this subscription

Exceptions
JMSException:
  • if the session fails to create the shared durable subscription and MessageConsumer due to some internal error
  • if a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, but a different topic or message selector, and there is a consumer already active
  • if an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
Since
JMS 2.0
createSharedDurableConsumerback to summary
public MessageConsumer createSharedDurableConsumer(Topic topic, String name, String messageSelector) throws JMSException

Creates a shared durable subscription on the specified topic (if one does not already exist), specifying a message selector, and creates a consumer on that durable subscription.

A durable subscription is used by an application which needs to receive all the messages published on a topic, including the ones published when there is no active consumer associated with it. The JMS provider retains a record of this durable subscription and ensures that all messages from the topic's publishers are retained until they are delivered to, and acknowledged by, a consumer on this durable subscription or until they have expired.

A durable subscription will continue to accumulate messages until it is deleted using the unsubscribe method.

This method may only be used with shared durable subscriptions. Any durable subscription created using this method will be shared. This means that multiple active (i.e. not closed) consumers on the subscription may exist at the same time. The term "consumer" here means a MessageConsumer or JMSConsumer object in any client.

A shared durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier (which may be unset). An application which subsequently wishes to create a consumer on that shared durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set), and the same topic and message selector has been specified, then this method creates a MessageConsumer on the existing shared durable subscription.

If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) but a different topic or message selector has been specified, and there is no consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription then this is equivalent to unsubscribing (deleting) the old one and creating a new one.

If a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) but a different topic or message selector has been specified, and there is a consumer already active (i.e. not closed) on the durable subscription, then a JMSException will be thrown.

A shared durable subscription and an unshared durable subscription may not have the same name and client identifier (if set). If an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier (if set) then a JMSException is thrown.

There is no restriction on durable subscriptions and shared non-durable subscriptions having the same name and clientId (which may be unset). Such subscriptions would be completely separate.

Parameters
topic:Topic

the non-temporary Topic to subscribe to

name:String

the name used to identify this subscription

messageSelector:String

only messages with properties matching the message selector expression are added to the durable subscription. A value of null or an empty string indicates that there is no message selector for the durable subscription.

Exceptions
JMSException:
  • if the session fails to create the shared durable subscription and MessageConsumer due to some internal error
  • if a shared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier, but a different topic or message selector, and there is a consumer already active
  • if an unshared durable subscription already exists with the same name and client identifier
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid topic is specified.
InvalidSelectorException:
if the message selector is invalid.
Since
JMS 2.0
createStreamMessageback to summary
public StreamMessage createStreamMessage() throws JMSException

Creates a StreamMessage object. A StreamMessage object is used to send a self-defining stream of primitive values in the Java programming language.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createTemporaryQueueback to summary
public TemporaryQueue createTemporaryQueue() throws JMSException

Creates a TemporaryQueue object. Its lifetime will be that of the Connection unless it is deleted earlier.

Returns:TemporaryQueue

a temporary queue identity

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a temporary queue due to some internal error.
Since
JMS 1.1
createTemporaryTopicback to summary
public TemporaryTopic createTemporaryTopic() throws JMSException

Creates a TemporaryTopic object. Its lifetime will be that of the Connection unless it is deleted earlier.

Returns:TemporaryTopic

a temporary topic identity

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to create a temporary topic due to some internal error.
Since
JMS 1.1
createTextMessageback to summary
public TextMessage createTextMessage() throws JMSException

Creates a TextMessage object. A TextMessage object is used to send a message containing a String object.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createTextMessageback to summary
public TextMessage createTextMessage(String text) throws JMSException

Creates an initialized TextMessage object. A TextMessage object is used to send a message containing a String.

The message object returned may be sent using any Session or JMSContext. It is not restricted to being sent using the JMSContext used to create it.

The message object returned may be optimised for use with the JMS provider used to create it. However it can be sent using any JMS provider, not just the JMS provider used to create it.

Parameters
text:String

the string used to initialize this message

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to create this message due to some internal error.
createTopicback to summary
public Topic createTopic(String topicName) throws JMSException

Creates a Topic object which encapsulates a specified provider-specific topic name.

The use of provider-specific topic names in an application may render the application non-portable. Portable applications are recommended to not use this method but instead look up an administratively-defined Topic object using JNDI.

Note that this method simply creates an object that encapsulates the name of a topic. It does not create the physical topic in the JMS provider. JMS does not provide a method to create the physical topic, since this would be specific to a given JMS provider. Creating a physical topic is provider-specific and is typically an administrative task performed by an administrator, though some providers may create them automatically when needed. The one exception to this is the creation of a temporary topic, which is done using the createTemporaryTopic method.

Parameters
topicName:String

A provider-specific topic name

Returns:Topic

a Topic object which encapsulates the specified name

Exceptions
JMSException:
if a Topic object cannot be created due to some internal error
getAcknowledgeModeback to summary
public int getAcknowledgeMode() throws JMSException

Returns the acknowledgement mode of the session. The acknowledgement mode is set at the time that the session is created. If the session is transacted, the acknowledgement mode is ignored.

Returns:int

If the session is not transacted, returns the current acknowledgement mode for the session. If the session is transacted, returns SESSION_TRANSACTED.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to return the acknowledgment mode due to some internal error.
Since
JMS 1.1
See Also
Connection#createSession
getMessageListenerback to summary
public MessageListener getMessageListener() throws JMSException

Returns the session's distinguished message listener (optional).

This method must not be used in a Java EE web or EJB application. Doing so may cause a JMSException to be thrown though this is not guaranteed.

Returns:MessageListener

the distinguished message listener associated with this session

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to get the session's distinguished message listener for one of the following reasons:
  • an internal error has occurred
  • this method has been called in a Java EE web or EJB application (though it is not guaranteed that an exception is thrown in this case)
See Also
javax.jms.Session#setMessageListener, javax.jms.ServerSessionPool, javax.jms.ServerSession
getTransactedback to summary
public boolean getTransacted() throws JMSException

Indicates whether the session is in transacted mode.

Returns:boolean

true if the session is in transacted mode

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to return the transaction mode due to some internal error.
recoverback to summary
public void recover() throws JMSException

Stops message delivery in this session, and restarts message delivery with the oldest unacknowledged message.

All consumers deliver messages in a serial order. Acknowledging a received message automatically acknowledges all messages that have been delivered to the client.

Restarting a session causes it to take the following actions:

  • Stop message delivery
  • Mark all messages that might have been delivered but not acknowledged as "redelivered"
  • Restart the delivery sequence including all unacknowledged messages that had been previously delivered. Redelivered messages do not have to be delivered in exactly their original delivery order.
Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to stop and restart message delivery due to some internal error.
IllegalStateException:
if the method is called by a transacted session.
rollbackback to summary
public void rollback() throws JMSException

Rolls back any messages done in this transaction and releases any locks currently held.

This method must not return until any incomplete asynchronous send operations for this Session have been completed and any CompletionListener callbacks have returned. Incomplete sends should be allowed to complete normally unless an error occurs.

A CompletionListener callback method must not call commit on its own Session. Doing so will cause an IllegalStateException to be thrown.

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to roll back the transaction due to some internal error.
IllegalStateException:
  • the session is not using a local transaction
  • this method has been called by a CompletionListener callback method on its own Session
runback to summary
public void run()

Redeclares java.lang.Runnable.run.

Optional operation, intended to be used only by Application Servers, not by ordinary JMS clients.

This method must not be used in a Java EE web or EJB application. Doing so may cause a JMSRuntimeException to be thrown though this is not guaranteed.

Exceptions
JMSRuntimeException:
if this method has been called in a Java EE web or EJB application (though it is not guaranteed that an exception is thrown in this case)
See Also
javax.jms.ServerSession
setMessageListenerback to summary
public void setMessageListener(MessageListener listener) throws JMSException

Sets the session's distinguished message listener (optional).

When the distinguished message listener is set, no other form of message receipt in the session can be used; however, all forms of sending messages are still supported.

This is an expert facility not used by ordinary JMS clients.

This method must not be used in a Java EE web or EJB application. Doing so may cause a JMSException to be thrown though this is not guaranteed.

Parameters
listener:MessageListener

the message listener to associate with this session

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the JMS provider fails to set the session's distinguished message listener for one of the following reasons:
  • an internal error has occurred
  • this method has been called in a Java EE web or EJB application (though it is not guaranteed that an exception is thrown in this case)
See Also
javax.jms.Session#getMessageListener, javax.jms.ServerSessionPool, javax.jms.ServerSession
unsubscribeback to summary
public void unsubscribe(String name) throws JMSException

Unsubscribes a durable subscription that has been created by a client.

This method deletes the state being maintained on behalf of the subscriber by its provider.

A durable subscription is identified by a name specified by the client and by the client identifier if set. If the client identifier was set when the durable subscription was created then a client which subsequently wishes to use this method to delete a durable subscription must use the same client identifier.

It is erroneous for a client to delete a durable subscription while there is an active (not closed) consumer for the subscription, or while a consumed message is part of a pending transaction or has not been acknowledged in the session.

Parameters
name:String

the name used to identify this subscription

Exceptions
JMSException:
if the session fails to unsubscribe to the durable subscription due to some internal error.
InvalidDestinationException:
if an invalid subscription name is specified.
Since
JMS 1.1