A Promise represents a future value. It handles the interactions for
asynchronous processing. A Deferred object can be used to create a
Promise and later resolve the Promise. A Promise is used by the caller of an
asynchronous function to get the result or handle the error. The caller can
either get a callback when the Promise is resolved with a value or an error,
or the Promise can be used in chaining. In chaining, callbacks are provided
that receive the resolved Promise, and a new Promise is generated that
resolves based upon the result of a callback.
Both callbacks and
chaining can be repeated any number of times,
even after the Promise has been resolved.
Example callback usage:
Promise<String> foo = foo();
foo.onResolve(() -> System.out.println("resolved"));
Example chaining usage;
Success<String,String> doubler = p -> Promises .resolved(p.getValue() + p.getValue()); Promise<String> foo = foo().then(doubler).then(doubler);
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that is resolved with this Promise after this Promise is resolved and the specified delay has elapsed.The time to delay in milliseconds. Zero and negative
time is treated as no delay. milliseconds)Delay after the resolution of this Promise. |
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that returns the value of this Promise or falls back to the value of the specified Promise.The Promise whose value must be used to resolve the
returned Promise if this Promise resolves with a failure. Must not
be fallback)null.Fall back to the value of the specified Promise if this Promise fails. |
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that returns the value of this Promise or falls back to the value of the specified Promise if the failure is an instance of the specified failure type.The Promise whose value must be used to resolve the
returned Promise if this Promise resolves with a failure and
the failure is an instance of the specified failure type. Must
not be fallback, Class<?> null.The type of failure for which this recovery will be
used. If the failure is not an instance of the failure type,
the specified recovery will not be called and the returned
Promise must be failed with the failure of this Promise. Must
not be failureType)null.Fall back to the value of the specified Promise if this Promise fails and the failure is an instance of a failure type. |
| public Promise | |
| public < The value type associated with the returned Promise. R> Promise | Returns: A Promise that returns the value of this Promise as mapped by the specified Function.The Function that must flatMap the value of this Promise to
a Promise that must be used to resolve the returned Promise. Must
not be mapper)null.FlatMap the value of this Promise. |
| public Throwable | Returns: The failure of this resolved Promise ornull if this
Promise was successfully resolved.Returns the failure of this Promise. |
| public T | |
| public boolean | Returns: true if this Promise was resolved either successfully or
with a failure; false if this Promise is unresolved.Returns whether this Promise has been resolved. |
| public < The value type associated with the returned Promise. R> Promise | Returns: A Promise that returns the value of this Promise as mapped by the specified Function.The Function that must map the value of this Promise to the
value that must be used to resolve the returned Promise. Must not
be mapper)null.Map the value of this Promise. |
| public Promise | |
| public < The failure type. F> Promise | Returns: This Promise.The Consumer callback that receives the failure of this
Promise if the failure is an instance of the specified failure
type. Must not be failure, Class<? extends F> null.The type of failure for which this callback will be
called. If the failure is not an instance of the specified
failure type, the specified callback will not be called. Must
not be failureType)null.Register a callback to be called with the failure for this Promise when this Promise is resolved with a failure of a failure type. |
| public Promise | |
| public Promise | |
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that resolves with the value of this Promise or recovers from the failure of this Promise.If this Promise resolves with a failure, the specified
Function is called to produce a recovery value to be used to
resolve the returned Promise. Must not be recovery)null.Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery value. |
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that resolves with the value of this Promise or recovers from the failure of this Promise if the failure is an instance of the specified failure type.If this Promise resolves with a failure and the failure
is an instance of the specified failure type, the specified
Function is called to produce a recovery value to be used to
resolve the returned Promise. Must not be recovery, Class<?> null.The type of failure for which the specified recovery
will be used. If the failure is not an instance of the failure
type, the specified recovery will not be called and the
returned Promise must be failed with the failure of this
Promise. Must not be failureType)null.Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery value if the failure is an instance of a failure type. |
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that resolves with the value of this Promise or recovers from the failure of this Promise.If this Promise resolves with a failure, the specified
Function is called to produce a recovery Promise to be used to
resolve the returned Promise. Must not be recovery)null.Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery Promise. |
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that resolves with the value of this Promise or recovers from the failure of this Promise if the failure is an instance of the specified failure type.If this Promise resolves with a failure and the failure
is an instance of the specified failure type, the specified
Function is called to produce a recovery Promise to be used to
resolve the returned Promise. Must not be recovery, Class<?> null.The type of failure for which this recovery will be
used. If the failure is not an instance of the failure type,
the specified recovery will not be called and the returned
Promise must be failed with the failure of this Promise. Must
not be failureType)null.Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery Promise if the failure is an instance of a failure type. |
| public < The value type associated with the returned Promise. R> Promise | Returns: A new Promise which is chained to this Promise. The returned Promise must be resolved when this Promise is resolved after the specified Success or Failure callback, if any, is executed.The Success callback to be called when this Promise is
successfully resolved. May be success, Failure null if no Success
callback is required. In this case, the returned Promise must
be resolved with the value null when this Promise is
successfully resolved.The Failure callback to be called when this Promise is
resolved with a failure. May be failure)null if no Failure
callback is required.Chain a new Promise to this Promise with Success and Failure callbacks. |
| public < The value type associated with the returned Promise. R> Promise | Returns: A new Promise which is chained to this Promise. The returned Promise must be resolved when this Promise is resolved after the specified Success, if any, is executed.The Success callback to be called when this Promise is
successfully resolved. May be success)null if no Success
callback is required. In this case, the returned Promise must
be resolved with the value null when this Promise is
successfully resolved.Chain a new Promise to this Promise with a Success callback. |
| public Promise | Returns: A new Promise which is chained to this Promise. The returned Promise must be resolved when this Promise is resolved after the specified Consumer is executed.The Consumer callback that receives the value of this
Promise. Must not be consumer)null.Chain a new Promise to this Promise with a Consumer callback that receives the value of this Promise when it is successfully resolved. |
| public Promise | Returns: A Promise that is resolved when either this Promise is resolved or the specified timeout is reached.The time to wait in milliseconds. Zero and negative
time is treated as an immediate timeout. milliseconds)Time out the resolution of this Promise. |
| public CompletionStage | Returns: A new CompletionStage that will be resolved with the result of this Promise.Returns a new CompletionStage that will be resolved with the result of this Promise. |
| delay | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Delay after the resolution of this Promise. Once this Promise is resolved, resolve the returned Promise with this Promise after the specified delay.
| |
| fallbackTo | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Fall back to the value of the specified Promise if this Promise fails. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the value of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure, the successful result of the specified Promise is used to resolve the returned Promise. If the specified Promise is resolved with a failure, the returned Promise must be failed with the failure of this Promise rather than the failure of the specified Promise. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved. | |
| fallbackTo | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Fall back to the value of the specified Promise if this Promise fails and the failure is an instance of a failure type. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the value of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure and the failure is an instance of the specified failure type, the successful result of the specified Promise is used to resolve the returned Promise. If the specified Promise is resolved with a failure, the returned Promise must be failed with the failure of this Promise rather than the failure of the specified Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure and the failure is not an instance of the specified failure type, the returned Promise must be failed with the failure of this Promise. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
| |
| filter | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Filter the value of this Promise.
If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must
either be resolved with the value of this Promise, if the specified
Predicate accepts that value, or failed with a
If this Promise is resolved with a failure, the returned Promise must be failed with that failure. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved. | |
| flatMap | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public <R> Promise FlatMap the value of this Promise. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the Promise from the specified Function as applied to the value of this Promise. If the specified Function throws an exception, the returned Promise must be failed with the exception. If this Promise is resolved with a failure, the returned Promise must be failed with that failure. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
| |
| getFailure | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Throwable getFailure() throws InterruptedException Returns the failure of this Promise.
If this Promise is not
If this Promise was resolved with a failure, this method returns with the
failure of this Promise. If this Promise was successfully resolved, this
method must return
| |
| getValue | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public T getValue() throws InvocationTargetException, InterruptedException Returns the value of this Promise.
If this Promise is not
If this Promise was successfully resolved, this method returns with the
value of this Promise. If this Promise was resolved with a failure, this
method must throw an
| |
| isDone | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public boolean isDone() Returns whether this Promise has been resolved. This Promise may be successfully resolved or resolved with a failure.
| |
| map | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public <R> Promise Map the value of this Promise. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the value of specified Function as applied to the value of this Promise. If the specified Function throws an exception, the returned Promise must be failed with the exception. If this Promise is resolved with a failure, the returned Promise must be failed with that failure. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
| |
| onFailure | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Register a callback to be called with the failure for this Promise when this Promise is resolved with a failure. The callback will not be called if this Promise is resolved successfully. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
Resolving this Promise happens-before any registered callback is
called. That is, in a registered callback, A callback may be called on a different thread than the thread which registered the callback. So the callback must be thread safe but can rely upon that the registration of the callback happens-before the registered callback is called. | |
| onFailure | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public <F> Promise Register a callback to be called with the failure for this Promise when this Promise is resolved with a failure of a failure type. The callback will not be called if this Promise is resolved successfully or if the failure is not an instance of the specified failure type. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
Resolving this Promise happens-before any registered callback is
called. That is, in a registered callback, A callback may be called on a different thread than the thread which registered the callback. So the callback must be thread safe but can rely upon that the registration of the callback happens-before the registered callback is called.
| |
| onResolve | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Register a callback to be called when this Promise is resolved. The specified callback is called when this Promise is resolved either successfully or with a failure. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
Resolving this Promise happens-before any registered callback is
called. That is, in a registered callback, A callback may be called on a different thread than the thread which registered the callback. So the callback must be thread safe but can rely upon that the registration of the callback happens-before the registered callback is called. | |
| onSuccess | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Register a callback to be called with the result of this Promise when this Promise is resolved successfully. The callback will not be called if this Promise is resolved with a failure. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
Resolving this Promise happens-before any registered callback is
called. That is, in a registered callback, A callback may be called on a different thread than the thread which registered the callback. So the callback must be thread safe but can rely upon that the registration of the callback happens-before the registered callback is called. | |
| recover | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery value. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the value of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure, the specified Function is applied to this Promise to produce a recovery value.
To recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery value of
This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
| |
| recover | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery value if the failure is an instance of a failure type. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the value of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure and the failure is not an instance of the specified failure type, the returned Promise must be failed with the failure of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure and the failure is an instance of the specified failure type, the specified Function is applied to this Promise to produce a recovery value.
To recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery value of
This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
| |
| recoverWith | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery Promise. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the value of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure, the specified Function is applied to this Promise to produce a recovery Promise.
This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
| |
| recoverWith | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Recover from a failure of this Promise with a recovery Promise if the failure is an instance of a failure type. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the returned Promise must be resolved with the value of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure and the failure is not an instance of the specified failure type, the returned Promise must be failed with the failure of this Promise. If this Promise is resolved with a failure and the failure is an instance of the specified failure type, the specified Function is applied to this Promise to produce a recovery Promise.
This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
| |
| then | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public <R> Promise Chain a new Promise to this Promise with Success and Failure callbacks.
The specified This method returns a new Promise which is chained to this Promise. The returned Promise must be resolved when this Promise is resolved after the specified Success or Failure callback is executed. The result of the executed callback must be used to resolve the returned Promise. Multiple calls to this method can be used to create a chain of promises which are resolved in sequence. If this Promise is successfully resolved, the Success callback is executed and the result Promise, if any, or thrown exception is used to resolve the returned Promise from this method. If this Promise is resolved with a failure, the Failure callback is executed and the returned Promise from this method is failed. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
Resolving this Promise happens-before any registered callback is
called. That is, in a registered callback, A callback may be called on a different thread than the thread which registered the callback. So the callback must be thread safe but can rely upon that the registration of the callback happens-before the registered callback is called.
| |
| then | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public <R> Promise Chain a new Promise to this Promise with a Success callback.
This method performs the same function as calling
| |
| thenAccept | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Chain a new Promise to this Promise with a Consumer callback that receives the value of this Promise when it is successfully resolved.
The specified This method returns a new Promise which is chained to this Promise. The returned Promise must be resolved when this Promise is resolved after the specified callback is executed. If the callback throws an exception, the returned Promise is failed with that exception. Otherwise the returned Promise is resolved with the success value from this Promise. This method may be called at any time including before and after this Promise has been resolved.
Resolving this Promise happens-before any registered callback is
called. That is, in a registered callback, A callback may be called on a different thread than the thread which registered the callback. So the callback must be thread safe but can rely upon that the registration of the callback happens-before the registered callback is called.
| |
| timeout | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public Promise Time out the resolution of this Promise.
If this Promise is successfully resolved before the timeout, the returned
Promise is resolved with the value of this Promise. If this Promise is
resolved with a failure before the timeout, the returned Promise is
resolved with the failure of this Promise. If the timeout is reached
before this Promise is resolved, the returned Promise is failed with a
| |
| toCompletionStage | back to summary |
|---|---|
| public CompletionStage Returns a new CompletionStage that will be resolved with the result of this Promise.
| |