Top Description Fields Methods
org.springframework.beans.factory

public Interface BeanFactory

Known Direct Subinterfaces
org.springframework.beans.factory.HierarchicalBeanFactory, org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory, org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory
Imports
org.springframework.beans.BeansException, org.springframework.core.ResolvableType, org.springframework.lang.Nullable

The root interface for accessing a Spring bean container.

This is the basic client view of a bean container; further interfaces such as ListableBeanFactory and org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory are available for specific purposes.

This interface is implemented by objects that hold a number of bean definitions, each uniquely identified by a String name. Depending on the bean definition, the factory will return either an independent instance of a contained object (the Prototype design pattern), or a single shared instance (a superior alternative to the Singleton design pattern, in which the instance is a singleton in the scope of the factory). Which type of instance will be returned depends on the bean factory configuration: the API is the same. Since Spring 2.0, further scopes are available depending on the concrete application context (e.g. "request" and "session" scopes in a web environment).

The point of this approach is that the BeanFactory is a central registry of application components, and centralizes configuration of application components (no more do individual objects need to read properties files, for example). See chapters 4 and 11 of "Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development" for a discussion of the benefits of this approach.

Note that it is generally better to rely on Dependency Injection ("push" configuration) to configure application objects through setters or constructors, rather than use any form of "pull" configuration like a BeanFactory lookup. Spring's Dependency Injection functionality is implemented using this BeanFactory interface and its subinterfaces.

Normally a BeanFactory will load bean definitions stored in a configuration source (such as an XML document), and use the org.springframework.beans package to configure the beans. However, an implementation could simply return Java objects it creates as necessary directly in Java code. There are no constraints on how the definitions could be stored: LDAP, RDBMS, XML, properties file, etc. Implementations are encouraged to support references amongst beans (Dependency Injection).

In contrast to the methods in ListableBeanFactory, all of the operations in this interface will also check parent factories if this is a HierarchicalBeanFactory. If a bean is not found in this factory instance, the immediate parent factory will be asked. Beans in this factory instance are supposed to override beans of the same name in any parent factory.

Bean factory implementations should support the standard bean lifecycle interfaces as far as possible. The full set of initialization methods and their standard order is:

  1. BeanNameAware's setBeanName
  2. BeanClassLoaderAware's setBeanClassLoader
  3. BeanFactoryAware's setBeanFactory
  4. EnvironmentAware's setEnvironment
  5. EmbeddedValueResolverAware's setEmbeddedValueResolver
  6. ResourceLoaderAware's setResourceLoader (only applicable when running in an application context)
  7. ApplicationEventPublisherAware's setApplicationEventPublisher (only applicable when running in an application context)
  8. MessageSourceAware's setMessageSource (only applicable when running in an application context)
  9. ApplicationContextAware's setApplicationContext (only applicable when running in an application context)
  10. ServletContextAware's setServletContext (only applicable when running in a web application context)
  11. postProcessBeforeInitialization methods of BeanPostProcessors
  12. InitializingBean's afterPropertiesSet
  13. a custom init-method definition
  14. postProcessAfterInitialization methods of BeanPostProcessors

On shutdown of a bean factory, the following lifecycle methods apply:

  1. postProcessBeforeDestruction methods of DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors
  2. DisposableBean's destroy
  3. a custom destroy-method definition
Authors
Rod Johnson, Juergen Hoeller, Chris Beams
Since
13 April 2001
See Also
BeanNameAware#setBeanName, BeanClassLoaderAware#setBeanClassLoader, BeanFactoryAware#setBeanFactory, org.springframework.context.EnvironmentAware#setEnvironment, org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware#setEmbeddedValueResolver, org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware#setResourceLoader, org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware#setApplicationEventPublisher, org.springframework.context.MessageSourceAware#setMessageSource, org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware#setApplicationContext, org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware#setServletContext, org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInitialization, InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet, org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getInitMethodName, org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization, org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeDestruction, DisposableBean#destroy, org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getDestroyMethodName

Field Summary

Modifier and TypeField and Description
public static final String
FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX

Used to dereference a FactoryBean instance and distinguish it from beans created by the FactoryBean.

Method Summary

Modifier and TypeMethod and Description
public boolean

Returns:

whether a bean with the given name is present
containsBean
(String
the name of the bean to query
name
)

Does this bean factory contain a bean definition or externally registered singleton instance with the given name?

public String[]

Returns:

the aliases, or an empty array if none
getAliases
(String
the bean name to check for aliases
name
)

Return the aliases for the given bean name, if any.

public Object

Returns:

an instance of the bean. Note that the return value will never be null but possibly a stub for null returned from a factory method, to be checked via equals(null). Consider using getBeanProvider(Class) for resolving optional dependencies.
getBean
(String
the name of the bean to retrieve
name
)

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

public <T> T

Returns:

an instance of the bean. Note that the return value will never be null. In case of a stub for null from a factory method having been resolved for the requested bean, a BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException against the NullBean stub will be raised. Consider using getBeanProvider(Class) for resolving optional dependencies.
getBean
(String
the name of the bean to retrieve
name
,
Class<T>
type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
requiredType
)

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

public Object

Returns:

an instance of the bean
getBean
(String
the name of the bean to retrieve
name
,
Object...
arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one)
args
)

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

public <T> T

Returns:

an instance of the single bean matching the required type
getBean
(Class<T>
type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
requiredType
)

Return the bean instance that uniquely matches the given object type, if any.

public <T> T

Returns:

an instance of the bean
getBean
(Class<T>
type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
requiredType
,
Object...
arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one)
args
)

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

public <T> ObjectProvider<T>

Returns:

a corresponding provider handle
getBeanProvider
(Class<T>
type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
requiredType
)

Return a provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval of instances, including availability and uniqueness options.

public <T> ObjectProvider<T>

Returns:

a corresponding provider handle
getBeanProvider
(ResolvableType
type the bean must match; can be a generic type declaration
requiredType
)

Return a provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval of instances, including availability and uniqueness options.

public Class<?>

Returns:

the type of the bean, or null if not determinable
getType
(String
the name of the bean to query
name
)

Determine the type of the bean with the given name.

public Class<?>

Returns:

the type of the bean, or null if not determinable
getType
(String
the name of the bean to query
name
,
boolean
whether a FactoryBean may get initialized just for the purpose of determining its object type
allowFactoryBeanInit
)

Determine the type of the bean with the given name.

public boolean

Returns:

whether this bean will always deliver independent instances
isPrototype
(String
the name of the bean to query
name
)

Is this bean a prototype?

public boolean

Returns:

whether this bean corresponds to a singleton instance
isSingleton
(String
the name of the bean to query
name
)

Is this bean a shared singleton?

public boolean

Returns:

true if the bean type matches, false if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet
isTypeMatch
(String
the name of the bean to query
name
,
ResolvableType
the type to match against (as a ResolvableType)
typeToMatch
)

Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type.

public boolean

Returns:

true if the bean type matches, false if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet
isTypeMatch
(String
the name of the bean to query
name
,
Class<?>
the type to match against (as a Class)
typeToMatch
)

Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type.

Field Detail

FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIXback to summary
public static final String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX

Used to dereference a FactoryBean instance and distinguish it from beans created by the FactoryBean. For example, if the bean named myJndiObject is a FactoryBean, getting &myJndiObject will return the factory, not the instance returned by the factory.

Method Detail

containsBeanback to summary
public boolean containsBean(String name)

Does this bean factory contain a bean definition or externally registered singleton instance with the given name?

If the given name is an alias, it will be translated back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

If this factory is hierarchical, will ask any parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

If a bean definition or singleton instance matching the given name is found, this method will return true whether the named bean definition is concrete or abstract, lazy or eager, in scope or not. Therefore, note that a true return value from this method does not necessarily indicate that getBean will be able to obtain an instance for the same name.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to query

Returns:boolean

whether a bean with the given name is present

getAliasesback to summary
public String[] getAliases(String name)

Return the aliases for the given bean name, if any.

All of those aliases point to the same bean when used in a getBean call.

If the given name is an alias, the corresponding original bean name and other aliases (if any) will be returned, with the original bean name being the first element in the array.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the bean name to check for aliases

Returns:String[]

the aliases, or an empty array if none

See Also
getBean
getBeanback to summary
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

This method allows a Spring BeanFactory to be used as a replacement for the Singleton or Prototype design pattern. Callers may retain references to returned objects in the case of Singleton beans.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to retrieve

Returns:Object

an instance of the bean. Note that the return value will never be null but possibly a stub for null returned from a factory method, to be checked via equals(null). Consider using getBeanProvider(Class) for resolving optional dependencies.

Exceptions
BeansException:
if the bean could not be obtained
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no bean with the specified name
getBeanback to summary
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

Behaves the same as getBean(String), but provides a measure of type safety by throwing a BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException if the bean is not of the required type. This means that ClassCastException can't be thrown on casting the result correctly, as can happen with getBean(String).

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to retrieve

requiredType:Class<T>

type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass

Returns:T

an instance of the bean. Note that the return value will never be null. In case of a stub for null from a factory method having been resolved for the requested bean, a BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException against the NullBean stub will be raised. Consider using getBeanProvider(Class) for resolving optional dependencies.

Exceptions
BeansException:
if the bean could not be created
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no such bean definition
BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException:
if the bean is not of the required type
getBeanback to summary
public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

Allows for specifying explicit constructor arguments / factory method arguments, overriding the specified default arguments (if any) in the bean definition. Note that the provided arguments need to match a specific candidate constructor / factory method in the order of declared parameters.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to retrieve

args:Object[]

arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one)

Returns:Object

an instance of the bean

Exceptions
BeansException:
if the bean could not be created
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no such bean definition
BeanDefinitionStoreException:
if arguments have been given but the affected bean isn't a prototype
Since
2.5
getBeanback to summary
public <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException

Return the bean instance that uniquely matches the given object type, if any.

This method goes into ListableBeanFactory by-type lookup territory but may also be translated into a conventional by-name lookup based on the name of the given type. For more extensive retrieval operations across sets of beans, use ListableBeanFactory and/or BeanFactoryUtils.

Parameters
requiredType:Class<T>

type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass

Returns:T

an instance of the single bean matching the required type

Exceptions
BeansException:
if the bean could not be created
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if no bean of the given type was found
NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException:
if more than one bean of the given type was found
Since
3.0
See Also
ListableBeanFactory
getBeanback to summary
public <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType, Object... args) throws BeansException

Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

Allows for specifying explicit constructor arguments / factory method arguments, overriding the specified default arguments (if any) in the bean definition. Note that the provided arguments need to match a specific candidate constructor / factory method in the order of declared parameters.

This method goes into ListableBeanFactory by-type lookup territory but may also be translated into a conventional by-name lookup based on the name of the given type. For more extensive retrieval operations across sets of beans, use ListableBeanFactory and/or BeanFactoryUtils.

Parameters
requiredType:Class<T>

type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass

args:Object[]

arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one)

Returns:T

an instance of the bean

Exceptions
BeansException:
if the bean could not be created
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no such bean definition
BeanDefinitionStoreException:
if arguments have been given but the affected bean isn't a prototype
Since
4.1
getBeanProviderback to summary
public <T> ObjectProvider<T> getBeanProvider(Class<T> requiredType)

Return a provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval of instances, including availability and uniqueness options.

For matching a generic type, consider getBeanProvider(ResolvableType).

Parameters
requiredType:Class<T>

type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass

Returns:ObjectProvider<T>

a corresponding provider handle

Since
5.1
See Also
getBeanProvider(ResolvableType)
getBeanProviderback to summary
public <T> ObjectProvider<T> getBeanProvider(ResolvableType requiredType)

Return a provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval of instances, including availability and uniqueness options. This variant allows for specifying a generic type to match, similar to reflective injection points with generic type declarations in method/constructor parameters.

Note that collections of beans are not supported here, in contrast to reflective injection points. For programmatically retrieving a list of beans matching a specific type, specify the actual bean type as an argument here and subsequently use ObjectProvider#orderedStream() or its lazy streaming/iteration options.

Also, generics matching is strict here, as per the Java assignment rules. For lenient fallback matching with unchecked semantics (similar to the ´unchecked´ Java compiler warning), consider calling getBeanProvider(Class) with the raw type as a second step if no full generic match is available with this variant.

Parameters
requiredType:ResolvableType

type the bean must match; can be a generic type declaration

Returns:ObjectProvider<T>

a corresponding provider handle

Since
5.1
See Also
ObjectProvider#iterator(), ObjectProvider#stream(), ObjectProvider#orderedStream()
getTypeback to summary
public Class<?> getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException

Determine the type of the bean with the given name. More specifically, determine the type of object that getBean would return for the given name.

For a FactoryBean, return the type of object that the FactoryBean creates, as exposed by FactoryBean#getObjectType(). This may lead to the initialization of a previously uninitialized FactoryBean (see getType(String, boolean)).

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to query

Returns:Class<?>

the type of the bean, or null if not determinable

Annotations
@Nullable
Exceptions
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no bean with the given name
Since
1.1.2
See Also
getBean, isTypeMatch
getTypeback to summary
public Class<?> getType(String name, boolean allowFactoryBeanInit) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException

Determine the type of the bean with the given name. More specifically, determine the type of object that getBean would return for the given name.

For a FactoryBean, return the type of object that the FactoryBean creates, as exposed by FactoryBean#getObjectType(). Depending on the allowFactoryBeanInit flag, this may lead to the initialization of a previously uninitialized FactoryBean if no early type information is available.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to query

allowFactoryBeanInit:boolean

whether a FactoryBean may get initialized just for the purpose of determining its object type

Returns:Class<?>

the type of the bean, or null if not determinable

Annotations
@Nullable
Exceptions
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no bean with the given name
Since
5.2
See Also
getBean, isTypeMatch
isPrototypeback to summary
public boolean isPrototype(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException

Is this bean a prototype? That is, will getBean always return independent instances?

Note

This method returning false does not clearly indicate a singleton object. It indicates non-independent instances, which may correspond to a scoped bean as well. Use the isSingleton operation to explicitly check for a shared singleton instance.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to query

Returns:boolean

whether this bean will always deliver independent instances

Exceptions
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no bean with the given name
Since
2.0.3
See Also
getBean, isSingleton
isSingletonback to summary
public boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException

Is this bean a shared singleton? That is, will getBean always return the same instance?

Note

This method returning false does not clearly indicate independent instances. It indicates non-singleton instances, which may correspond to a scoped bean as well. Use the isPrototype operation to explicitly check for independent instances.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to query

Returns:boolean

whether this bean corresponds to a singleton instance

Exceptions
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no bean with the given name
See Also
getBean, isPrototype
isTypeMatchback to summary
public boolean isTypeMatch(String name, ResolvableType typeToMatch) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException

Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type. More specifically, check whether a getBean call for the given name would return an object that is assignable to the specified target type.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to query

typeToMatch:ResolvableType

the type to match against (as a ResolvableType)

Returns:boolean

true if the bean type matches, false if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet

Exceptions
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no bean with the given name
Since
4.2
See Also
getBean, getType
isTypeMatchback to summary
public boolean isTypeMatch(String name, Class<?> typeToMatch) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException

Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type. More specifically, check whether a getBean call for the given name would return an object that is assignable to the specified target type.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Parameters
name:String

the name of the bean to query

typeToMatch:Class<?>

the type to match against (as a Class)

Returns:boolean

true if the bean type matches, false if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet

Exceptions
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
if there is no bean with the given name
Since
2.0.1
See Also
getBean, getType