Top Description Fields Constructors Methods
java.awt.geom

public Class Area

Additional top-level class in compilation unit: AreaIterator.

extends Object
implements Shape, Cloneable
Class Inheritance
All Implemented Interfaces
java.lang.Cloneable, java.awt.Shape
Imports
java.awt.Shape, .Rectangle, java.util.Vector, .Enumeration, .NoSuchElementException, sun.awt.geom.Curve, .Crossings, .AreaOp

An Area object stores and manipulates a resolution-independent description of an enclosed area of 2-dimensional space. Area objects can be transformed and can perform various Constructive Area Geometry (CAG) operations when combined with other Area objects. The CAG operations include area addition, subtraction, intersection, and exclusive or. See the linked method documentation for examples of the various operations.

The Area class implements the Shape interface and provides full support for all of its hit-testing and path iteration facilities, but an Area is more specific than a generalized path in a number of ways:

Interesting issues which are not always obvious when using the Area include:
Since
1.2

Field Summary

Modifier and TypeField and Description
private Rectangle2D
private Vector<Curve>
private static Vector<Curve>

Constructor Summary

AccessConstructor and Description
public
Area()

Default constructor which creates an empty area.

public
Area(Shape
the Shape from which the area is constructed
s
)

The Area class creates an area geometry from the specified Shape object.

Method Summary

Modifier and TypeMethod and Description
public void
add(Area
the Area to be added to the current shape
rhs
)

Adds the shape of the specified Area to the shape of this Area.

public Object

Returns:

Created clone object
clone
()

Overrides java.lang.Object.clone.

Returns an exact copy of this Area object.
public boolean
contains(double
the specified X coordinate to be tested
x
,
double
the specified Y coordinate to be tested
y
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if the specified coordinates are inside the boundary of the Shape, as described by the definition of insideness.
public boolean
contains(Point2D
the specified Point2D to be tested
p
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if a specified Point2D is inside the boundary of the Shape, as described by the definition of insideness.
public boolean
contains(double
the X coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area
x
,
double
the Y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area
y
,
double
the width of the specified rectangular area
w
,
double
the height of the specified rectangular area
h
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if the interior of the Shape entirely contains the specified rectangular area.
public boolean
contains(Rectangle2D
The specified Rectangle2D
r
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if the interior of the Shape entirely contains the specified Rectangle2D.
public Area

Returns:

a new Area object representing the transformed geometry.
createTransformedArea
(AffineTransform
the specified AffineTransform used to transform the new Area
t
)

Creates a new Area object that contains the same geometry as this Area transformed by the specified AffineTransform.

public boolean

Returns:

true if the two geometries are equal; false otherwise.
equals
(Area
the Area to be compared to this Area
other
)

Tests whether the geometries of the two Area objects are equal.

public void
exclusiveOr(Area
the Area to be exclusive ORed with this Area.
rhs
)

Sets the shape of this Area to be the combined area of its current shape and the shape of the specified Area, minus their intersection.

public Rectangle

Returns:

the bounding Rectangle for the Area.
getBounds
()

Implements java.awt.Shape.getBounds.

Returns a bounding Rectangle that completely encloses this Area.
public Rectangle2D

Returns:

the bounding Rectangle2D for the Area.
getBounds2D
()

Implements java.awt.Shape.getBounds2D.

Returns a high precision bounding Rectangle2D that completely encloses this Area.
private Rectangle2D
public PathIterator

Returns:

the PathIterator object that returns the geometry of the outline of this Area, one segment at a time.
getPathIterator
(AffineTransform
an optional AffineTransform to be applied to the coordinates as they are returned in the iteration, or null if untransformed coordinates are desired
at
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.getPathIterator.

Creates a PathIterator for the outline of this Area object.
public PathIterator

Returns:

the PathIterator object that returns the geometry of the outline of this Area, one segment at a time.
getPathIterator
(AffineTransform
an optional AffineTransform to be applied to the coordinates as they are returned in the iteration, or null if untransformed coordinates are desired
at
,
double
the maximum amount that the control points for a given curve can vary from colinear before a subdivided curve is replaced by a straight line connecting the end points
flatness
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.getPathIterator.

Creates a PathIterator for the flattened outline of this Area object.
public void
intersect(Area
the Area to be intersected with this Area
rhs
)

Sets the shape of this Area to the intersection of its current shape and the shape of the specified Area.

public boolean
intersects(double
the X coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area
x
,
double
the Y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area
y
,
double
the width of the specified rectangular area
w
,
double
the height of the specified rectangular area
h
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.intersects.

Tests if the interior of the Shape intersects the interior of a specified rectangular area.
public boolean
intersects(Rectangle2D
the specified Rectangle2D
r
)

Implements java.awt.Shape.intersects.

Tests if the interior of the Shape intersects the interior of a specified Rectangle2D.
private void
public boolean

Returns:

true if this Area object represents an empty area; false otherwise.
isEmpty
()

Tests whether this Area object encloses any area.

public boolean

Returns:

true if the geometry of this Area consists entirely of line segments; false otherwise.
isPolygonal
()

Tests whether this Area consists entirely of straight edged polygonal geometry.

public boolean

Returns:

true if the geometry of this Area is rectangular in shape; false otherwise.
isRectangular
()

Tests whether this Area is rectangular in shape.

public boolean

Returns:

true if the Area is comprised of a single basic geometry; false otherwise.
isSingular
()

Tests whether this Area is comprised of a single closed subpath.

private static Vector<Curve>
public void
reset()

Removes all of the geometry from this Area and restores it to an empty area.

public void
subtract(Area
the Area to be subtracted from the current shape
rhs
)

Subtracts the shape of the specified Area from the shape of this Area.

public void
transform(AffineTransform
the transformation used to transform the area
t
)

Transforms the geometry of this Area using the specified AffineTransform.

Inherited from java.lang.Object:
equalsfinalizegetClasshashCodenotifynotifyAlltoStringwaitwaitwait

Field Detail

cachedBoundsback to summary
private Rectangle2D cachedBounds
curvesback to summary
private Vector<Curve> curves
EmptyCurvesback to summary
private static Vector<Curve> EmptyCurves

Constructor Detail

Areaback to summary
public Area()

Default constructor which creates an empty area.

Since
1.2
Areaback to summary
public Area(Shape s)

The Area class creates an area geometry from the specified Shape object. The geometry is explicitly closed, if the Shape is not already closed. The fill rule (even-odd or winding) specified by the geometry of the Shape is used to determine the resulting enclosed area.

Parameters
s:Shape

the Shape from which the area is constructed

Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if s is null
Since
1.2

Method Detail

addback to summary
public void add(Area rhs)

Adds the shape of the specified Area to the shape of this Area. The resulting shape of this Area will include the union of both shapes, or all areas that were contained in either this or the specified Area.

    // Example:
    Area a1 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 0,8]);
    Area a2 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 8,8]);
    a1.add(a2);

       a1(before)     +         a2         =     a1(after)

    ################     ################     ################
    ##############         ##############     ################
    ############             ############     ################
    ##########                 ##########     ################
    ########                     ########     ################
    ######                         ######     ######    ######
    ####                             ####     ####        ####
    ##                                 ##     ##            ##
Parameters
rhs:Area

the Area to be added to the current shape

Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if rhs is null
Since
1.2
cloneback to summary
public Object clone()

Overrides java.lang.Object.clone.

Returns an exact copy of this Area object.

Returns:Object

Created clone object

Since
1.2
containsback to summary
public boolean contains(double x, double y)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Doc from java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if the specified coordinates are inside the boundary of the Shape, as described by the definition of insideness.

Parameters
x:double

the specified X coordinate to be tested

y:double

the specified Y coordinate to be tested

Returns:boolean

true if the specified coordinates are inside the Shape boundary; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
containsback to summary
public boolean contains(Point2D p)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Doc from java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if a specified Point2D is inside the boundary of the Shape, as described by the definition of insideness.

Parameters
p:Point2D

the specified Point2D to be tested

Returns:boolean

true if the specified Point2D is inside the boundary of the Shape; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
containsback to summary
public boolean contains(double x, double y, double w, double h)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Doc from java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if the interior of the Shape entirely contains the specified rectangular area. All coordinates that lie inside the rectangular area must lie within the Shape for the entire rectangular area to be considered contained within the Shape.

The Shape.contains() method allows a Shape implementation to conservatively return false when:

  • the intersect method returns true and
  • the calculations to determine whether or not the Shape entirely contains the rectangular area are prohibitively expensive.
This means that for some Shapes this method might return false even though the Shape contains the rectangular area. The Area class performs more accurate geometric computations than most Shape objects and therefore can be used if a more precise answer is required.
Parameters
x:double

the X coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area

y:double

the Y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area

w:double

the width of the specified rectangular area

h:double

the height of the specified rectangular area

Returns:boolean

true if the interior of the Shape entirely contains the specified rectangular area; false otherwise or, if the Shape contains the rectangular area and the intersects method returns true and the containment calculations would be too expensive to perform.

Since
1.2
containsback to summary
public boolean contains(Rectangle2D r)

Implements java.awt.Shape.contains.

Doc from java.awt.Shape.contains.

Tests if the interior of the Shape entirely contains the specified Rectangle2D. The Shape.contains() method allows a Shape implementation to conservatively return false when:

  • the intersect method returns true and
  • the calculations to determine whether or not the Shape entirely contains the Rectangle2D are prohibitively expensive.
This means that for some Shapes this method might return false even though the Shape contains the Rectangle2D. The Area class performs more accurate geometric computations than most Shape objects and therefore can be used if a more precise answer is required.
Parameters
r:Rectangle2D

The specified Rectangle2D

Returns:boolean

true if the interior of the Shape entirely contains the Rectangle2D; false otherwise or, if the Shape contains the Rectangle2D and the intersects method returns true and the containment calculations would be too expensive to perform.

Since
1.2
createTransformedAreaback to summary
public Area createTransformedArea(AffineTransform t)

Creates a new Area object that contains the same geometry as this Area transformed by the specified AffineTransform. This Area object is unchanged.

Parameters
t:AffineTransform

the specified AffineTransform used to transform the new Area

Returns:Area

a new Area object representing the transformed geometry.

Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if t is null
Since
1.2
equalsback to summary
public boolean equals(Area other)

Tests whether the geometries of the two Area objects are equal. This method will return false if the argument is null.

Parameters
other:Area

the Area to be compared to this Area

Returns:boolean

true if the two geometries are equal; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
exclusiveOrback to summary
public void exclusiveOr(Area rhs)

Sets the shape of this Area to be the combined area of its current shape and the shape of the specified Area, minus their intersection. The resulting shape of this Area will include only areas that were contained in either this Area or in the specified Area, but not in both.

    // Example:
    Area a1 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 0,8]);
    Area a2 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 8,8]);
    a1.exclusiveOr(a2);

       a1(before)    xor        a2         =     a1(after)

    ################     ################
    ##############         ##############     ##            ##
    ############             ############     ####        ####
    ##########                 ##########     ######    ######
    ########                     ########     ################
    ######                         ######     ######    ######
    ####                             ####     ####        ####
    ##                                 ##     ##            ##
Parameters
rhs:Area

the Area to be exclusive ORed with this Area.

Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if rhs is null
Since
1.2
getBoundsback to summary
public Rectangle getBounds()

Implements java.awt.Shape.getBounds.

Returns a bounding Rectangle that completely encloses this Area.

The Area class will attempt to return the tightest bounding box possible for the Shape. The bounding box will not be padded to include the control points of curves in the outline of the Shape, but should tightly fit the actual geometry of the outline itself. Since the returned object represents the bounding box with integers, the bounding box can only be as tight as the nearest integer coordinates that encompass the geometry of the Shape.

Returns:Rectangle

the bounding Rectangle for the Area.

Since
1.2
getBounds2Dback to summary
public Rectangle2D getBounds2D()

Implements java.awt.Shape.getBounds2D.

Returns a high precision bounding Rectangle2D that completely encloses this Area.

The Area class will attempt to return the tightest bounding box possible for the Shape. The bounding box will not be padded to include the control points of curves in the outline of the Shape, but should tightly fit the actual geometry of the outline itself.

Returns:Rectangle2D

the bounding Rectangle2D for the Area.

Since
1.2
getCachedBoundsback to summary
private Rectangle2D getCachedBounds()
getPathIteratorback to summary
public PathIterator getPathIterator(AffineTransform at)

Implements java.awt.Shape.getPathIterator.

Creates a PathIterator for the outline of this Area object. This Area object is unchanged.

Parameters
at:AffineTransform

an optional AffineTransform to be applied to the coordinates as they are returned in the iteration, or null if untransformed coordinates are desired

Returns:PathIterator

the PathIterator object that returns the geometry of the outline of this Area, one segment at a time.

Since
1.2
getPathIteratorback to summary
public PathIterator getPathIterator(AffineTransform at, double flatness)

Implements java.awt.Shape.getPathIterator.

Creates a PathIterator for the flattened outline of this Area object. Only uncurved path segments represented by the SEG_MOVETO, SEG_LINETO, and SEG_CLOSE point types are returned by the iterator. This Area object is unchanged.

Parameters
at:AffineTransform

an optional AffineTransform to be applied to the coordinates as they are returned in the iteration, or null if untransformed coordinates are desired

flatness:double

the maximum amount that the control points for a given curve can vary from colinear before a subdivided curve is replaced by a straight line connecting the end points

Returns:PathIterator

the PathIterator object that returns the geometry of the outline of this Area, one segment at a time.

Since
1.2
intersectback to summary
public void intersect(Area rhs)

Sets the shape of this Area to the intersection of its current shape and the shape of the specified Area. The resulting shape of this Area will include only areas that were contained in both this Area and also in the specified Area.

    // Example:
    Area a1 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 0,8]);
    Area a2 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 8,8]);
    a1.intersect(a2);

     a1(before)   intersect     a2         =     a1(after)

    ################     ################     ################
    ##############         ##############       ############
    ############             ############         ########
    ##########                 ##########           ####
    ########                     ########
    ######                         ######
    ####                             ####
    ##                                 ##
Parameters
rhs:Area

the Area to be intersected with this Area

Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if rhs is null
Since
1.2
intersectsback to summary
public boolean intersects(double x, double y, double w, double h)

Implements java.awt.Shape.intersects.

Doc from java.awt.Shape.intersects.

Tests if the interior of the Shape intersects the interior of a specified rectangular area. The rectangular area is considered to intersect the Shape if any point is contained in both the interior of the Shape and the specified rectangular area.

The Shape.intersects() method allows a Shape implementation to conservatively return true when:

  • there is a high probability that the rectangular area and the Shape intersect, but
  • the calculations to accurately determine this intersection are prohibitively expensive.
This means that for some Shapes this method might return true even though the rectangular area does not intersect the Shape. The Area class performs more accurate computations of geometric intersection than most Shape objects and therefore can be used if a more precise answer is required.
Parameters
x:double

the X coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area

y:double

the Y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular area

w:double

the width of the specified rectangular area

h:double

the height of the specified rectangular area

Returns:boolean

true if the interior of the Shape and the interior of the rectangular area intersect, or are both highly likely to intersect and intersection calculations would be too expensive to perform; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
intersectsback to summary
public boolean intersects(Rectangle2D r)

Implements java.awt.Shape.intersects.

Doc from java.awt.Shape.intersects.

Tests if the interior of the Shape intersects the interior of a specified Rectangle2D. The Shape.intersects() method allows a Shape implementation to conservatively return true when:

  • there is a high probability that the Rectangle2D and the Shape intersect, but
  • the calculations to accurately determine this intersection are prohibitively expensive.
This means that for some Shapes this method might return true even though the Rectangle2D does not intersect the Shape. The Area class performs more accurate computations of geometric intersection than most Shape objects and therefore can be used if a more precise answer is required.
Parameters
r:Rectangle2D

the specified Rectangle2D

Returns:boolean

true if the interior of the Shape and the interior of the specified Rectangle2D intersect, or are both highly likely to intersect and intersection calculations would be too expensive to perform; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
invalidateBoundsback to summary
private void invalidateBounds()
isEmptyback to summary
public boolean isEmpty()

Tests whether this Area object encloses any area.

Returns:boolean

true if this Area object represents an empty area; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
isPolygonalback to summary
public boolean isPolygonal()

Tests whether this Area consists entirely of straight edged polygonal geometry.

Returns:boolean

true if the geometry of this Area consists entirely of line segments; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
isRectangularback to summary
public boolean isRectangular()

Tests whether this Area is rectangular in shape.

Returns:boolean

true if the geometry of this Area is rectangular in shape; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
isSingularback to summary
public boolean isSingular()

Tests whether this Area is comprised of a single closed subpath. This method returns true if the path contains 0 or 1 subpaths, or false if the path contains more than 1 subpath. The subpaths are counted by the number of SEG_MOVETO segments that appear in the path.

Returns:boolean

true if the Area is comprised of a single basic geometry; false otherwise.

Since
1.2
pathToCurvesback to summary
private static Vector<Curve> pathToCurves(PathIterator pi)
resetback to summary
public void reset()

Removes all of the geometry from this Area and restores it to an empty area.

Since
1.2
subtractback to summary
public void subtract(Area rhs)

Subtracts the shape of the specified Area from the shape of this Area. The resulting shape of this Area will include areas that were contained only in this Area and not in the specified Area.

    // Example:
    Area a1 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 0,8]);
    Area a2 = new Area([triangle 0,0 => 8,0 => 8,8]);
    a1.subtract(a2);

       a1(before)     -         a2         =     a1(after)

    ################     ################
    ##############         ##############     ##
    ############             ############     ####
    ##########                 ##########     ######
    ########                     ########     ########
    ######                         ######     ######
    ####                             ####     ####
    ##                                 ##     ##
Parameters
rhs:Area

the Area to be subtracted from the current shape

Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if rhs is null
Since
1.2
transformback to summary
public void transform(AffineTransform t)

Transforms the geometry of this Area using the specified AffineTransform. The geometry is transformed in place, which permanently changes the enclosed area defined by this object.

Parameters
t:AffineTransform

the transformation used to transform the area

Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if t is null
Since
1.2