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Top Description Fields Constructors Methods
java.time

public final Class ZoneOffset

extends ZoneId
implements TemporalAccessor, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<ZoneOffset>, Serializable
Class Inheritance
All Implemented Interfaces
java.io.Serializable, java.lang.Comparable, java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster, java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor
Annotations
@ValueBased
Static Imports
java.time.LocalTime.MINUTES_PER_HOUR, .LocalTime.SECONDS_PER_HOUR, .LocalTime.SECONDS_PER_MINUTE, java.time.temporal.ChronoField.OFFSET_SECONDS

A time-zone offset from Greenwich/UTC, such as +02:00.

A time-zone offset is the amount of time that a time-zone differs from Greenwich/UTC. This is usually a fixed number of hours and minutes.

Different parts of the world have different time-zone offsets. The rules for how offsets vary by place and time of year are captured in the ZoneId class.

For example, Paris is one hour ahead of Greenwich/UTC in winter and two hours ahead in summer. The ZoneId instance for Paris will reference two ZoneOffset instances - a +01:00 instance for winter, and a +02:00 instance for summer.

In 2008, time-zone offsets around the world extended from -12:00 to +14:00. To prevent any problems with that range being extended, yet still provide validation, the range of offsets is restricted to -18:00 to 18:00 inclusive.

This class is designed for use with the ISO calendar system. The fields of hours, minutes and seconds make assumptions that are valid for the standard ISO definitions of those fields. This class may be used with other calendar systems providing the definition of the time fields matches those of the ISO calendar system.

Instances of ZoneOffset must be compared using equals. Implementations may choose to cache certain common offsets, however applications must not rely on such caching.

This is a value-based class; programmers should treat instances that are equal as interchangeable and should not use instances for synchronization, or unpredictable behavior may occur. For example, in a future release, synchronization may fail. The equals method should be used for comparisons.

Implementation Specification

This class is immutable and thread-safe.

Since
1.8

Field Summary

Modifier and TypeField and Description
private final transient String
id

The string form of the time-zone offset.

private static final ConcurrentMap<String, ZoneOffset>
ID_CACHE

Cache of time-zone offset by ID.

public static final ZoneOffset
MAX

Constant for the maximum supported offset.

private static final int
MAX_SECONDS

The abs maximum seconds.

public static final ZoneOffset
MIN

Constant for the minimum supported offset.

private static final AtomicReferenceArray<ZoneOffset>
private final transient LazyConstant<ZoneRules>
rules

The zone rules for an offset will always return this offset.

private static final int
SECONDS_PER_QUARTER

Cache of time-zone offset by offset in quarters.

private static final long
private final int
public static final ZoneOffset
UTC

The time-zone offset for UTC, with an ID of 'Z'.

Inherited from java.time.ZoneId:
SHORT_IDS

Constructor Summary

AccessConstructor and Description
private
ZoneOffset(int
the total time-zone offset in seconds, from -64,800 to +64,800
totalSeconds
)

Constructor.

Method Summary

Modifier and TypeMethod and Description
public Temporal

Returns:

the adjusted object, not null
adjustInto
(Temporal
the target object to be adjusted, not null
temporal
)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster.adjustInto.

Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same offset as this object.

private static String
buildId(int totalSeconds)

public int

Returns:

the comparator value, that is less than zero if this totalSeconds is less than other totalSeconds, zero if they are equal, greater than zero if this totalSeconds is greater than other totalSeconds
compareTo
(ZoneOffset
the other date to compare to, not null
other
)

Implements java.lang.Comparable.compareTo.

Compares this offset to another offset in descending order.

public boolean

Returns:

true if this is equal to the other offset
equals
(Object
the object to check, null returns false
obj
)

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.equals.

Checks if this offset is equal to another offset.

public static ZoneOffset

Returns:

the zone-offset, not null
from
(TemporalAccessor
the temporal object to convert, not null
temporal
)

Hides java.time.ZoneId.from.

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset from a temporal object.

public int

Returns:

the value for the field
get
(TemporalField
the field to get, not null
field
)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.get.

Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as an int.

public String

Returns:

the zone offset ID, not null
getId
()

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.getId.

Gets the normalized zone offset ID.

The ID is minor variation to the standard ISO-8601 formatted string for the offset.

public long

Returns:

the value for the field
getLong
(TemporalField
the field to get, not null
field
)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.getLong.

Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as a long.

pack-priv ZoneOffset
getOffset(long epochSecond)

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.getOffset.

Get the effective offset for an instant at the given epochSecond.

public ZoneRules

Returns:

the rules, not null
getRules
()

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.getRules.

Gets the associated time-zone rules.

public int

Returns:

the total zone offset amount in seconds
getTotalSeconds
()

Gets the total zone offset in seconds.

public int

Returns:

a suitable hash code
hashCode
()

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.hashCode.

A hash code for this offset.

public boolean

Returns:

true if the field is supported on this offset, false if not
isSupported
(TemporalField
the field to check, null returns false
field
)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.isSupported.

Checks if the specified field is supported.

public ZoneId
normalized()

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.normalized.

Normalizes the time-zone ID, returning a ZoneOffset where possible.

public static ZoneOffset

Returns:

the zone-offset, not null
of
(String
the offset ID, not null
offsetId
)

Hides java.time.ZoneId.of.

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using the ID.

This method parses the string ID of a ZoneOffset to return an instance.

public static ZoneOffset

Returns:

the zone-offset, not null
ofHours
(int
the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
hours
)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours.

public static ZoneOffset

Returns:

the zone-offset, not null
ofHoursMinutes
(int
the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
hours
,
int
the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours
minutes
)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours and minutes.

public static ZoneOffset

Returns:

the zone-offset, not null
ofHoursMinutesSeconds
(int
the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
hours
,
int
the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and seconds
minutes
,
int
the time-zone offset in seconds, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and minutes
seconds
)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours, minutes and seconds.

public static ZoneOffset

Returns:

the ZoneOffset, not null
ofTotalSeconds
(int
the total time-zone offset in seconds, from -64,800 to +64,800
totalSeconds
)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset specifying the total offset in seconds

The offset must be in the range -18:00 to +18:00, which corresponds to -64,800 to +64,800.

private static int

Returns:

the parsed number, from 0 to 99
parseNumber
(CharSequence
the offset ID, not null
offsetId
,
int
the position to parse, valid
pos
,
boolean
should this number be prefixed by a precededByColon
precededByColon
)

Parse a two digit zero-prefixed number.

public <
the type of the result
R
>
R

Returns:

the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
query
(TemporalQuery<R>
the query to invoke, not null
query
)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.query.

Queries this offset using the specified query.

public ValueRange

Returns:

the range of valid values for the field, not null
range
(TemporalField
the field to query the range for, not null
field
)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.range.

Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.

pack-priv static ZoneOffset
private void
readObject(ObjectInputStream
the stream to read
s
)

Hides java.time.ZoneId.readObject.

Defend against malicious streams.

public String

Returns:

a string representation of this offset, not null
toString
()

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.toString.

Outputs this offset as a String, using the normalized ID.

private static int

Returns:

the total in seconds
totalSeconds
(int
the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
hours
,
int
the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and seconds
minutes
,
int
the time-zone offset in seconds, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and minutes
seconds
)

Calculates the total offset in seconds.

private static void
validate(int
the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
hours
,
int
the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59
minutes
,
int
the time-zone offset in seconds, from 0 to ±59
seconds
)

Validates the offset fields.

pack-priv void
write(DataOutput out)

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.write.

pack-priv void
private Object

Returns:

the instance of Ser, not null
writeReplace
()

Hides java.time.ZoneId.writeReplace.

Writes the object using a dedicated serialized form.

Inherited from java.time.ZoneId:
getAvailableZoneIdsgetDisplayNameofofofOffsetsystemDefault

Field Detail

idback to summary
private final transient String id

The string form of the time-zone offset.

ID_CACHEback to summary
private static final ConcurrentMap<String, ZoneOffset> ID_CACHE

Cache of time-zone offset by ID.

MAXback to summary
public static final ZoneOffset MAX

Constant for the maximum supported offset.

MAX_SECONDSback to summary
private static final int MAX_SECONDS

The abs maximum seconds.

MINback to summary
public static final ZoneOffset MIN

Constant for the minimum supported offset.

QUARTER_CACHEback to summary
private static final AtomicReferenceArray<ZoneOffset> QUARTER_CACHE
rulesback to summary
private final transient LazyConstant<ZoneRules> rules

The zone rules for an offset will always return this offset. Cache it for efficiency.

SECONDS_PER_QUARTERback to summary
private static final int SECONDS_PER_QUARTER

Cache of time-zone offset by offset in quarters.

serialVersionUIDback to summary
private static final long serialVersionUID

Hides java.time.ZoneId.serialVersionUID.

Serialization version.

Annotations
@Serial
totalSecondsback to summary
private final int totalSeconds
UTCback to summary
public static final ZoneOffset UTC

The time-zone offset for UTC, with an ID of 'Z'.

Constructor Detail

ZoneOffsetback to summary
private ZoneOffset(int totalSeconds)

Constructor.

Parameters
totalSeconds:int

the total time-zone offset in seconds, from -64,800 to +64,800

Method Detail

adjustIntoback to summary
public Temporal adjustInto(Temporal temporal)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster.adjustInto.

Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same offset as this object.

This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input with the offset changed to be the same as this.

The adjustment is equivalent to using Temporal#with(TemporalField, long) passing ChronoField#OFFSET_SECONDS as the field.

In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using Temporal#with(TemporalAdjuster):

  // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
  temporal = thisOffset.adjustInto(temporal);
  temporal = temporal.with(thisOffset);

This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.

Parameters
temporal:Temporal

the target object to be adjusted, not null

Returns:Temporal

the adjusted object, not null

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if unable to make the adjustment
ArithmeticException:
if numeric overflow occurs
buildIdback to summary
private static String buildId(int totalSeconds)
compareToback to summary
public int compareTo(ZoneOffset other)

Implements java.lang.Comparable.compareTo.

Compares this offset to another offset in descending order.

The offsets are compared in the order that they occur for the same time of day around the world. Thus, an offset of +10:00 comes before an offset of +09:00 and so on down to -18:00.

The comparison is "consistent with equals", as defined by Comparable.

Parameters
other:ZoneOffset

the other date to compare to, not null

Returns:int

the comparator value, that is less than zero if this totalSeconds is less than other totalSeconds, zero if they are equal, greater than zero if this totalSeconds is greater than other totalSeconds

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
NullPointerException:
if other is null
equalsback to summary
public boolean equals(Object obj)

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.equals.

Checks if this offset is equal to another offset.

The comparison is based on the amount of the offset in seconds. This is equivalent to a comparison by ID.

Parameters
obj:Object

the object to check, null returns false

Returns:boolean

true if this is equal to the other offset

Annotations
@Override
fromback to summary
public static ZoneOffset from(TemporalAccessor temporal)

Hides java.time.ZoneId.from.

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset from a temporal object.

This obtains an offset based on the specified temporal. A TemporalAccessor represents an arbitrary set of date and time information, which this factory converts to an instance of ZoneOffset.

A TemporalAccessor represents some form of date and time information. This factory converts the arbitrary temporal object to an instance of ZoneOffset.

The conversion uses the TemporalQueries#offset() query, which relies on extracting the OFFSET_SECONDS field.

This method matches the signature of the functional interface TemporalQuery allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, ZoneOffset::from.

Parameters
temporal:TemporalAccessor

the temporal object to convert, not null

Returns:ZoneOffset

the zone-offset, not null

Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if unable to convert to an ZoneOffset
getback to summary
public int get(TemporalField field)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.get.

Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as an int.

This queries this offset for the value of the specified field. The returned value will always be within the valid range of values for the field. If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The OFFSET_SECONDS field returns the value of the offset. All other ChronoField instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained, and what the value represents, is determined by the field.

Parameters
field:TemporalField

the field to get, not null

Returns:int

the value for the field

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if a value for the field cannot be obtained or the value is outside the range of valid values for the field
UnsupportedTemporalTypeException:
if the field is not supported or the range of values exceeds an int
ArithmeticException:
if numeric overflow occurs
getIdback to summary
public String getId()

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.getId.

Gets the normalized zone offset ID.

The ID is minor variation to the standard ISO-8601 formatted string for the offset. There are three formats:

  • Z - for UTC (ISO-8601)
  • +hh:mm or -hh:mm - if the seconds are zero (ISO-8601)
  • +hh:mm:ss or -hh:mm:ss - if the seconds are non-zero (not ISO-8601)
Returns:String

the zone offset ID, not null

Annotations
@Override
getLongback to summary
public long getLong(TemporalField field)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.getLong.

Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as a long.

This queries this offset for the value of the specified field. If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The OFFSET_SECONDS field returns the value of the offset. All other ChronoField instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained, and what the value represents, is determined by the field.

Parameters
field:TemporalField

the field to get, not null

Returns:long

the value for the field

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if a value for the field cannot be obtained
UnsupportedTemporalTypeException:
if the field is not supported
ArithmeticException:
if numeric overflow occurs
getOffsetback to summary
pack-priv ZoneOffset getOffset(long epochSecond)

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.getOffset.

Doc from java.time.ZoneId.getOffset.

Get the effective offset for an instant at the given epochSecond.

Annotations
@Override
getRulesback to summary
public ZoneRules getRules()

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.getRules.

Gets the associated time-zone rules.

The rules will always return this offset when queried. The implementation class is immutable, thread-safe and serializable.

Returns:ZoneRules

the rules, not null

Annotations
@Override
getTotalSecondsback to summary
public int getTotalSeconds()

Gets the total zone offset in seconds.

This is the primary way to access the offset amount. It returns the total of the hours, minutes and seconds fields as a single offset that can be added to a time.

Returns:int

the total zone offset amount in seconds

hashCodeback to summary
public int hashCode()

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.hashCode.

A hash code for this offset.

Returns:int

a suitable hash code

Annotations
@Override
isSupportedback to summary
public boolean isSupported(TemporalField field)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.isSupported.

Checks if the specified field is supported.

This checks if this offset can be queried for the specified field. If false, then calling the range and get methods will throw an exception.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The OFFSET_SECONDS field returns true. All other ChronoField instances will return false.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.

Parameters
field:TemporalField

the field to check, null returns false

Returns:boolean

true if the field is supported on this offset, false if not

Annotations
@Override
normalizedback to summary
public ZoneId normalized()

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.normalized.

Doc from java.time.ZoneId.normalized.

Normalizes the time-zone ID, returning a ZoneOffset where possible.

The returns a normalized ZoneId that can be used in place of this ID. The result will have ZoneRules equivalent to those returned by this object, however the ID returned by getId() may be different.

The normalization checks if the rules of this ZoneId have a fixed offset. If they do, then the ZoneOffset equal to that offset is returned. Otherwise this is returned.

Annotations
@Override
ofback to summary
public static ZoneOffset of(String offsetId)

Hides java.time.ZoneId.of.

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using the ID.

This method parses the string ID of a ZoneOffset to return an instance. The parsing accepts all the formats generated by getId(), plus some additional formats:

  • Z - for UTC
  • +h
  • +hh
  • +hh:mm
  • -hh:mm
  • +hhmm
  • -hhmm
  • +hh:mm:ss
  • -hh:mm:ss
  • +hhmmss
  • -hhmmss
Note that ± means either the plus or minus symbol.

The ID of the returned offset will be normalized to one of the formats described by getId().

The maximum supported range is from +18:00 to -18:00 inclusive.

Parameters
offsetId:String

the offset ID, not null

Returns:ZoneOffset

the zone-offset, not null

Annotations
@SuppressWarnings:fallthrough
Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if the offset ID is invalid
ofHoursback to summary
public static ZoneOffset ofHours(int hours)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours.

Parameters
hours:int

the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18

Returns:ZoneOffset

the zone-offset, not null

Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if the offset is not in the required range
ofHoursMinutesback to summary
public static ZoneOffset ofHoursMinutes(int hours, int minutes)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours and minutes.

The sign of the hours and minutes components must match. Thus, if the hours is negative, the minutes must be negative or zero. If the hours is zero, the minutes may be positive, negative or zero.

Parameters
hours:int

the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18

minutes:int

the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours

Returns:ZoneOffset

the zone-offset, not null

Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if the offset is not in the required range
ofHoursMinutesSecondsback to summary
public static ZoneOffset ofHoursMinutesSeconds(int hours, int minutes, int seconds)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours, minutes and seconds.

The sign of the hours, minutes and seconds components must match. Thus, if the hours is negative, the minutes and seconds must be negative or zero.

Parameters
hours:int

the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18

minutes:int

the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and seconds

seconds:int

the time-zone offset in seconds, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and minutes

Returns:ZoneOffset

the zone-offset, not null

Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if the offset is not in the required range
ofTotalSecondsback to summary
public static ZoneOffset ofTotalSeconds(int totalSeconds)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset specifying the total offset in seconds

The offset must be in the range -18:00 to +18:00, which corresponds to -64,800 to +64,800.

Parameters
totalSeconds:int

the total time-zone offset in seconds, from -64,800 to +64,800

Returns:ZoneOffset

the ZoneOffset, not null

Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if the offset is not in the required range
parseNumberback to summary
private static int parseNumber(CharSequence offsetId, int pos, boolean precededByColon)

Parse a two digit zero-prefixed number.

Parameters
offsetId:CharSequence

the offset ID, not null

pos:int

the position to parse, valid

precededByColon:boolean

should this number be prefixed by a precededByColon

Returns:int

the parsed number, from 0 to 99

queryback to summary
public <R> R query(TemporalQuery<R> query)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.query.

Queries this offset using the specified query.

This queries this offset using the specified query strategy object. The TemporalQuery object defines the logic to be used to obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand what the result of this method will be.

The result of this method is obtained by invoking the TemporalQuery#queryFrom(TemporalAccessor) method on the specified query passing this as the argument.

Parameters
<R>
the type of the result
query:TemporalQuery<R>

the query to invoke, not null

Returns:R

the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)

Annotations
@SuppressWarnings:unchecked
@Override
Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if unable to query (defined by the query)
ArithmeticException:
if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)
rangeback to summary
public ValueRange range(TemporalField field)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor.range.

Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.

The range object expresses the minimum and maximum valid values for a field. This offset is used to enhance the accuracy of the returned range. If it is not possible to return the range, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The supported fields will return appropriate range instances. All other ChronoField instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.rangeRefinedBy(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the range can be obtained is determined by the field.

Parameters
field:TemporalField

the field to query the range for, not null

Returns:ValueRange

the range of valid values for the field, not null

Annotations
@Override
Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if the range for the field cannot be obtained
UnsupportedTemporalTypeException:
if the field is not supported
readExternalback to summary
pack-priv static ZoneOffset readExternal(DataInput in) throws IOException
readObjectback to summary
private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException

Hides java.time.ZoneId.readObject.

Defend against malicious streams.

Parameters
s:ObjectInputStream

the stream to read

Annotations
@Serial
Exceptions
InvalidObjectException:
always
toStringback to summary
public String toString()

Overrides java.time.ZoneId.toString.

Outputs this offset as a String, using the normalized ID.

Returns:String

a string representation of this offset, not null

Annotations
@Override
totalSecondsback to summary
private static int totalSeconds(int hours, int minutes, int seconds)

Calculates the total offset in seconds.

Parameters
hours:int

the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18

minutes:int

the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and seconds

seconds:int

the time-zone offset in seconds, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and minutes

Returns:int

the total in seconds

validateback to summary
private static void validate(int hours, int minutes, int seconds)

Validates the offset fields.

Parameters
hours:int

the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18

minutes:int

the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59

seconds:int

the time-zone offset in seconds, from 0 to ±59

Exceptions
DateTimeException:
if the offset is not in the required range
writeback to summary
pack-priv void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException

Implements abstract java.time.ZoneId.write.

Annotations
@Override
writeExternalback to summary
pack-priv void writeExternal(DataOutput out) throws IOException
writeReplaceback to summary
private Object writeReplace()

Hides java.time.ZoneId.writeReplace.

Writes the object using a dedicated serialized form.

Returns:Object

the instance of Ser, not null

Annotations
@Serial
Serial data
 out.writeByte(8);                  // identifies a ZoneOffset
 int offsetByte = totalSeconds % 900 == 0 ? totalSeconds / 900 : 127;
 out.writeByte(offsetByte);
 if (offsetByte == 127) {
     out.writeInt(totalSeconds);
 }