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java.time.temporal

public final Enum ChronoUnit

extends Enum<ChronoUnit>
implements TemporalUnit
Class Inheritance
All Implemented Interfaces
java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit
Imports
java.time.Duration

A standard set of date periods units.

This set of units provide unit-based access to manipulate a date, time or date-time. The standard set of units can be extended by implementing TemporalUnit.

These units are intended to be applicable in multiple calendar systems. For example, most non-ISO calendar systems define units of years, months and days, just with slightly different rules. The documentation of each unit explains how it operates.

Implementation Specification

This is a final, immutable and thread-safe enum.

Since
1.8

Field Summary

Modifier and TypeField and Description
public static final ChronoUnit
CENTURIES

Unit that represents the concept of a century.

public static final ChronoUnit
DAYS

Unit that represents the concept of a day.

public static final ChronoUnit
DECADES

Unit that represents the concept of a decade.

private final Duration
public static final ChronoUnit
ERAS

Unit that represents the concept of an era.

public static final ChronoUnit
FOREVER

Artificial unit that represents the concept of forever.

public static final ChronoUnit
HALF_DAYS

Unit that represents the concept of half a day, as used in AM/PM.

public static final ChronoUnit
HOURS

Unit that represents the concept of an hour.

public static final ChronoUnit
MICROS

Unit that represents the concept of a microsecond.

public static final ChronoUnit
MILLENNIA

Unit that represents the concept of a millennium.

public static final ChronoUnit
MILLIS

Unit that represents the concept of a millisecond.

public static final ChronoUnit
MINUTES

Unit that represents the concept of a minute.

public static final ChronoUnit
MONTHS

Unit that represents the concept of a month.

private final String
public static final ChronoUnit
NANOS

Unit that represents the concept of a nanosecond, the smallest supported unit of time.

public static final ChronoUnit
SECONDS

Unit that represents the concept of a second.

public static final ChronoUnit
WEEKS

Unit that represents the concept of a week.

public static final ChronoUnit
YEARS

Unit that represents the concept of a year.

Constructor Summary

AccessConstructor and Description
private
ChronoUnit(String name, Duration estimatedDuration)

Method Summary

Modifier and TypeMethod and Description
public <R extends Temporal> R
addTo(R temporal, long amount)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.addTo.

Returns a copy of the specified temporal object with the specified period added.

public long
between(Temporal temporal1Inclusive, Temporal temporal2Exclusive)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.between.

Calculates the amount of time between two temporal objects.

public Duration

Returns:

the estimated duration of this unit, not null
getDuration
()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.getDuration.

Gets the estimated duration of this unit in the ISO calendar system.

public boolean

Returns:

true if a date unit, false if a time unit
isDateBased
()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isDateBased.

Checks if this unit is a date unit.

public boolean

Returns:

true if the duration is estimated, false if accurate
isDurationEstimated
()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isDurationEstimated.

Checks if the duration of the unit is an estimate.

public boolean
isSupportedBy(Temporal temporal)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isSupportedBy.

Checks if this unit is supported by the specified temporal object.

public boolean

Returns:

true if a time unit, false if a date unit
isTimeBased
()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isTimeBased.

Checks if this unit is a time unit.

public String
toString()

Overrides java.lang.Enum.toString.

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.toString.

Gets a descriptive name for the unit.

public static ChronoUnit
public static ChronoUnit[]
Inherited from java.lang.Enum:
clonecompareTodescribeConstableequalsfinalizegetDeclaringClasshashCodenameordinalvalueOf

Field Detail

CENTURIESback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit CENTURIES

Unit that represents the concept of a century. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 100 years.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days and is normally an integral number of years.

DAYSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit DAYS

Unit that represents the concept of a day. For the ISO calendar system, it is the standard day from midnight to midnight. The estimated duration of a day is 24 Hours.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to the day defined by the rising and setting of the Sun on Earth. It is not required that days begin at midnight - when converting between calendar systems, the date should be equivalent at midday.

DECADESback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit DECADES

Unit that represents the concept of a decade. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 10 years.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days and is normally an integral number of years.

durationback to summary
private final Duration duration
ERASback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit ERAS

Unit that represents the concept of an era. The ISO calendar system doesn't have eras thus it is impossible to add an era to a date or date-time. The estimated duration of the era is artificially defined as 1,000,000,000 Years.

When used with other calendar systems there are no restrictions on the unit.

FOREVERback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit FOREVER

Artificial unit that represents the concept of forever. This is primarily used with TemporalField to represent unbounded fields such as the year or era. The estimated duration of this unit is artificially defined as Duration#MAX.

HALF_DAYSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit HALF_DAYS

Unit that represents the concept of half a day, as used in AM/PM. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 12 hours.

HOURSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit HOURS

Unit that represents the concept of an hour. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 60 minutes.

MICROSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit MICROS

Unit that represents the concept of a microsecond. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the 1,000,000th part of the second unit.

MILLENNIAback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit MILLENNIA

Unit that represents the concept of a millennium. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 1000 years.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days and is normally an integral number of years.

MILLISback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit MILLIS

Unit that represents the concept of a millisecond. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the 1000th part of the second unit.

MINUTESback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit MINUTES

Unit that represents the concept of a minute. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 60 seconds.

MONTHSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit MONTHS

Unit that represents the concept of a month. For the ISO calendar system, the length of the month varies by month-of-year. The estimated duration of a month is one twelfth of 365.2425 Days.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days.

nameback to summary
private final String name

Hides java.lang.Enum.name.

NANOSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit NANOS

Unit that represents the concept of a nanosecond, the smallest supported unit of time. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the 1,000,000,000th part of the second unit.

SECONDSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit SECONDS

Unit that represents the concept of a second. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the second in the SI system of units, except around a leap-second.

WEEKSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit WEEKS

Unit that represents the concept of a week. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 7 days.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days.

YEARSback to summary
public static final ChronoUnit YEARS

Unit that represents the concept of a year. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 12 months. The estimated duration of a year is 365.2425 Days.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days or months roughly equal to a year defined by the passage of the Earth around the Sun.

Constructor Detail

ChronoUnitback to summary
private ChronoUnit(String name, Duration estimatedDuration)

Method Detail

addToback to summary
public <R extends Temporal> R addTo(R temporal, long amount)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.addTo.

Doc from java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.addTo.

Returns a copy of the specified temporal object with the specified period added.

The period added is a multiple of this unit. For example, this method could be used to add "3 days" to a date by calling this method on the instance representing "days", passing the date and the period "3". The period to be added may be negative, which is equivalent to subtraction.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use Temporal#plus(long, TemporalUnit):

  // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
  temporal = thisUnit.addTo(temporal, amount);
  temporal = temporal.plus(amount, thisUnit);
It is recommended to use the second approach, plus(amount, thisUnit), as it is a lot clearer to read in code.

Implementations should perform any queries or calculations using the units available in ChronoUnit or the fields available in ChronoField. If the unit is not supported an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException must be thrown.

Implementations must not alter the specified temporal object. Instead, an adjusted copy of the original must be returned. This provides equivalent, safe behavior for immutable and mutable implementations.

Annotations
@SuppressWarnings:unchecked
@Override
betweenback to summary
public long between(Temporal temporal1Inclusive, Temporal temporal2Exclusive)

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.between.

Doc from java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.between.

Calculates the amount of time between two temporal objects.

This calculates the amount in terms of this unit. The start and end points are supplied as temporal objects and must be of compatible types. The implementation will convert the second type to be an instance of the first type before the calculating the amount. The result will be negative if the end is before the start. For example, the amount in hours between two temporal objects can be calculated using HOURS.between(startTime, endTime).

The calculation returns a whole number, representing the number of complete units between the two temporals. If there are smaller unit fields, their values are considered when determining the final whole number. For example, the amount in hours between the times 11:30 and 13:29 will only be one hour as it is one minute short of two hours, or the amount in months between the dates 2024-09-29 and 2025-02-28 (the last day in February) will be 4 months as it is one day short of 5 months.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use Temporal#until(Temporal, TemporalUnit):

  // these two lines are equivalent
  between = thisUnit.between(start, end);
  between = start.until(end, thisUnit);
The choice should be made based on which makes the code more readable.

For example, this method allows the number of days between two dates to be calculated:

 long daysBetween = DAYS.between(start, end);
 // or alternatively
 long daysBetween = start.until(end, DAYS);

Implementations should perform any queries or calculations using the units available in ChronoUnit or the fields available in ChronoField. If the unit is not supported an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException must be thrown. Implementations must not alter the specified temporal objects.

Annotations
@Override
getDurationback to summary
public Duration getDuration()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.getDuration.

Gets the estimated duration of this unit in the ISO calendar system.

All of the units in this class have an estimated duration. Days vary due to daylight saving time, while months have different lengths.

Returns:Duration

the estimated duration of this unit, not null

Annotations
@Override
isDateBasedback to summary
public boolean isDateBased()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isDateBased.

Checks if this unit is a date unit.

All units from days to eras inclusive are date-based. Time-based units and FOREVER return false.

Returns:boolean

true if a date unit, false if a time unit

Annotations
@Override
isDurationEstimatedback to summary
public boolean isDurationEstimated()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isDurationEstimated.

Checks if the duration of the unit is an estimate.

All time units in this class are considered to be accurate, while all date units in this class are considered to be estimated.

This definition ignores leap seconds, but considers that Days vary due to daylight saving time and months have different lengths.

Returns:boolean

true if the duration is estimated, false if accurate

Annotations
@Override
isSupportedByback to summary
public boolean isSupportedBy(Temporal temporal)

Overrides default java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isSupportedBy.

Doc from java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isSupportedBy.

Checks if this unit is supported by the specified temporal object.

This checks that the implementing date-time can add/subtract this unit. This can be used to avoid throwing an exception.

This default implementation derives the value using Temporal#plus(long, TemporalUnit).

Annotations
@Override
isTimeBasedback to summary
public boolean isTimeBased()

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.isTimeBased.

Checks if this unit is a time unit.

All units from nanos to half-days inclusive are time-based. Date-based units and FOREVER return false.

Returns:boolean

true if a time unit, false if a date unit

Annotations
@Override
toStringback to summary
public String toString()

Overrides java.lang.Enum.toString.

Implements java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.toString.

Doc from java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit.toString.

Gets a descriptive name for the unit.

This should be in the plural and upper-first camel case, such as 'Days' or 'Minutes'.

Annotations
@Override
valueOfback to summary
public static ChronoUnit valueOf(String name)
valuesback to summary
public static ChronoUnit[] values()